Shiawase Butori

Food I Cook, Food I Eat, or rather, Food I've Eaten

2009-05-18T22:57:00.000+08:00

I look around, see what I have, and then make something out of it…..I just love to eat and love to cook. I sometimes wish I were more gourmet, but I guess I always have something to learn. I am an experimental cook too. I rarely cook the same thing twice because there are so many recipes out there that I want to try. I just want a way to share my eating with others. And for better or worse, my friends and family are my personal guinea pigs for recipe testing. So far no one has died from food poisoning, although they often protest they eat too many vegetables….muahahahaa

70 Japanese Gestures

2009-03-25T02:43:00.009+08:00

Japanese is considered to be an extremely difficult language to learn. The writing system is made up of over 100 phonetic symbols in addition to thousands of Chinese characters. It is often said that it takes till the age of 10 for a Japanese child to master the language. Many people are of the belief that Japanese keep body action to a minimum when speaking, yet over 120 gestures are commonly used. Even after eliminating those that will probably no longer be in use by the end of the next decade, 70 still remain. These are presented here. It is an uncomfortable fact that, at present, there are many Japanese who are not proficient in English. Communicating with words may be difficult but why not start with gestures? Great insight into the culture and lifestyle of Japan can be had from understanding its gestures. Many gestures have been influenced by the West and introduced through foreign movies. However, there still are many interesting gestures considered unique to Japan. (by Hamiru.aqui)

GENERAL GESTURES // These gestures are used in daily life and are popular with both adults and children:-

1 // Bowing [Ojigi]　

Lower your head. A movement when greeting someone. This is a practice that is not seen in Western countries, though it is very often observed in Japan. It is believed to have its roots in China, where it indicates a degree of respect or gratitude to another person. Though Japan does not have the custom of shaking hands, bowing can be looked upon as similar to the Western handshake. It seems that, in general, people bow more politely when bidding goodbye than when meeting someone. When bidding goodbye to an older or higher ranked person, to wait with your head bowed until the person turns his or her back, or until the door closes, is a form of showing respect to that person.

2 // Yes. No. [Hai. Iie.]

As in the West, in Japan, one nods when saying “yes” and shakes the head sideways when saying “no”. However, depending on the question, there are times when the English “yes” and “no” seem to be interchanged.

(i.e.) “Aren’t you going? – “Yes” (nodding the head) = (“Yes, I am not going”). In the West, this question would be answered with a “No” and shake the head: “No, I’m not going.”

3 // Itadakimasu / Gochisousama

Place both palms together and lightly bow your head. Itadakimasu is said before eating a meal, make sure your chopsticks are still on the chopstick rest. Gochisousama is said after eating the meal, both phrases are said while you lightly bow your head.

4 // Me [Watashi]

Put your index finger on the tip of your nose. In Western countries, people joint to their chests when indicating themselves, but in Japan, people point to their nose. When indicating others or other things one points with index finger to the center of the object or the person being indicated. When indicating the person one is talking to directly, the index finger is pointed at his or her nose to indicate “you”. They gesture may offend a Westerner, but to the Japanese, it is not considered rude at all. For young people these days, pointing to the nose has become an outdated gesture, and influenced by movies, they have started to point to their chests. Nonetheless, pointing to the person one is talking to is still a common Japanese gesture.

5 // Come over here! [Kocchi ni oide] / Go away! [Acchi ike]

- Come over here! [Kocchi ni oide] – With the back of your hand facing upward, shake your hand downward toward yourself. Some people use both hands to gesture to a child.

- Go away! [Acchi ike] – With the back of the hand facing upward, shake your hand as if trying to shake something off.

Sometimes, the “come over here” gesture may be misunderstood as “go away”. The two can be difficult to distinguish, but a nodding of the head, and the fact the person is looking at you and laughing, will make it likely that “come here” is meant. A person saying “go away” will often not make eye contact.

6 // Calm down [Ochi tsuite]

Move both hands up and down while saying “maaa maaa maaa” with your palms facing the ground. This conveys that one wants a person to calm down, cool his or her temper, or not be so frantic. Maaa maaa maaa must be said together with the hand motion. Otherwise, people will not understand what you are trying to say. It may be best to remember the “maaa maaa maaa” and the hand motion as one set.

7 // I’m going to pass in front of you [Mae wo tourimasu]　

Round the back slightly, place one hand up with your fingers together and the thumb up, then gently move your hand up and down when passing in front of someone. It is basically considered impolite to directly pass in front of someone. This gesture can be taken as an apology when passing in front of someone and obstructing his view, for example, in a store aisle. In Western culture, this gesture is very similar to saying “excuse me” when passing in front of someone. You will make a positive and favorable impression with this gesture and may find people striking up a conversation with you.

8 // I don’t know [Shiranai] / That’s wrong [Chigau]

Shake your upright hand near your mouth with your thumb closer to your face. There are times when the head is shaken at the same time. In that case, the head and hand will move in opposite directions. When this gesture is seen, for example, when asking directions, it simply means the person does not understand English or he or she is unable to assist you. One is advised to simply go and ask another person.

9 // Thank you [Katajikenai]

With your thumb facing toward your face, move your hand upright to a point in front of your face. It is the same gesture made by a sumo wrestler who has won as he accepts his prize money. It is an expression derived from the handheld sword. Often it is used by men as an abbreviated form of expressing appreciation. In Japan, there is a custom to pour drinks for one’s guests. When the host sees his guest’s glass is nearly empty, he will come over to refill it. Then, the guest will make this gesture to show appreciation instead of saying “thank you” in words.

10 // Do you want to go eat? [Shokuji]

Pretend to hold a rice bowl in one hand and bring a pair of chopsticks to your mouth with the other hand. Repeat the hand motion of bringing a chopstick to your mouth several times. Sometimes, only chopstick motion is used with two fingers acting as a chopstick. When you see someone looking at you and making this gesture, it means he is asking you have already eaten or would you like to go eat together. Japan is the only country in Asia where spoons are not often used for eating. The Japanese custom is to eat with a rice bowl and chopsticks. Of course when Western dishes are eaten, Japanese will use a fork and spoon. At a formal Japanese dinner, chopsticks only are used. For your additional information, It is not considered impolite to drink soup directly from the bowl. You should also remember to always hold the rice bowl by supporting it with one hand underneath it.

11 // Wait a moment [Chotto matte]

Show the palm of one hand to the other person. It also means to wait there. Both hands are used at times. In the West, gestures meaning “wait” often involve raising your index finger. However, in Japan, showing the palm of one hand or both palms to the other person is the basic gesture. If the Western-style gesture for wait is made in Japan, the Japanese would think of it as “1”, as in No.1. If a child grabs your finger when you point it upward to signify the Western “wait”, you will now be aware that it’s because the child thinks you are starting a game.

12 // Seiza / Agura

The proper way to sit in a tatami room is in the seiza position, which is sitting on your knees with your legs tucked under you. In a formal setting, you would continue sitting in the seiza position. But once the greetings have been made and the atmosphere becomes relaxed, you may unfold and cross your legs, in the seating position Japanese call “agura”. The host may sometimes say, “Please put yourself at ease.” In which case, you would thank him before assuming the agura seating position. Agura was considered a man’s seating position from the time when Japanese dressed mainly in kimono. Sitting in the agura position was considered bad manners for women. Unless in the company of close friends, it may be better for women to sit with legs unfolded, but to one side. Sitting in the seiza position for hours is painful even for many Japanese. The legs fall asleep and you may not be able to stand without help. There are various ways to survive long hours of seiza sitting. The most popular one is to cross your toes. Ask a Japanese friend for tips. You will be surprised to find out how many different ways there are.

13 // Tapping the shoulder [Kata wo tataku]

When you want to let someone know he has dropped something, or you want him to notice that you want to talk to him, or when you’re meeting someone and approaching him from behind, tap the person on his shoulder two or three times to make him aware of your presence or to request his attention. The same thing is done when you want to point something out to hi, for example, “Look over there!” you would tap the person on his shoulder before saying what you have to say.

14 // Hot [Atsui]

When you’ve touched something hot like a hot pot, grab the earlobe with the thumb and index finger. This comes from the fact that the earlobe has the lowest body temperature compared to other body parts. Please don’t think of this gesture as meaning someone has lost a pair of earrings.

15 // To laugh [ Warau]

Covering the mouth when laughing. In the old days in Japan, for a man to show his teeth indicated weakness or that he was joking. To show one’s teeth when laughing was considered bad manners. There used to be custom where married women painted their teeth black (ohaguro). To have white teeth forever meant that the woman had missed her chance to marry. Japanese hide their mouths when laughing because of this custom. However, in present day Japan, there are many who do this in order to hide poor tooth alignment or because they feel embarrassed about something.

16 // Let’s put that subject aside [Sono hanashi wa oitoite]

The gestures looks like one is moving a box from in front of one’s self to the side. It is a gesture used when changing the subject or saying, “Let’s put that subject aside and change the topic.”

17 // I agree! [Nattoku!]

Hit the palm of one hand with a closed fist. This gesture can also be done by hitting your thighs. In that case, be sure to slap your thighs hard enough for the sound to be heard. This gesture may look similar to a “want to fight” gesture in the West. Don’t worry if you see someone directing this gesture at you. There is no need to move away. No one wants to start a fight with you. In fact, it is quite the opposite. They are just agreeing with what you say!

Japanese Fugu

2009-03-24T15:51:00.002+08:00

The infamous fugu (blowfish) is a luxury food in Japan, one with a long history and an exciting reputation. Also known as fuku, this delicious fish has been part of the Japanese diet since ancient times, and is as popular today as it’s ever been; in fact, the Japanese consume some 10,000 tons of fugu annually. There are different varieties of fugu, but most notable among those approved for human consumption by the Japanese government is the tora, or tiger, fugu.

Tora fugu is renowned for its delicate and distinctive flavor—and for the deadly toxin tetrodotoxincontained in its liver and ovaries. Before being sold or served, the law requires that the poison be removed entirely, a procedure undertaken by specially licensed chefs.

Fugu has long been on the Japanese menu: fugu bones have been unearthed from shell mounds dating back some 2,500 years. During the late sixteenth through the mid-nineteenth centuries, deaths by fugu poisoning were commonplace, and various laws were passed prohibiting its consumption, but it was eaten regardless.

It wasn’t until the late nineteenth century that a safe and standardized preparation method was established. In1948, a certification system for fugu preparation was introduced in Osaka; this was later adopted by other prefectures in the country. Nowadays, if prepared by a specialized chef, there is no risk involved in eating fugu.

Fugu is normally served at specialty restaurants—some quite elite—which offer set menus priced from 5,000 yen to 30,000 yen (US$50.00-$300.00). Typical dishes include fugu-sashi, or tessa: thin, nearly transparent slices of raw fugu beautifully arranged on a plate. Fugu-sashi is dipped in ponzu-shoyu, soy sauce mixed with citrus juice, and garnished with momiji-oroshi (grated daikon mixed with red pepper) and green onion. Crunchy yubiki or teppi (boiled skin) is eaten the same way.

Fugu-chiri or tecchiri is a savory nabemono, one-pot dish of fugu with tofu and vegetables that is simmered at the table and then eaten. This dish is accompanied by the same ponzu sauce, momiji-oroshi and green onion. Any remaining liquid is simmered with rice to make fugu zosui (rice porridge).

Other characteristic dishes include deep-fried fugu, whose crispy coating is savored together with the umami of succulent fugu meat. And to conclude this bill of fare, hire-zake—sake infused with the umami of roasted dried fugu fin—may be sipped in a final toast to this meal.

Japanese Food (FAQ)

2009-03-23T16:04:00.007+08:00

INGREDIENTS //
Is rice the most common ingredient of Japanese meals?
Yes. Almost all meals in Japan come with rice. There are usually side dishes that you eat with rice. Rice is thought to be almost sacred and is still used in some ceremonies. Until the end of the Edo era (1867), Buddhists in Japan did not eat meat. Instead, rice was used in many different ways : to make desserts, snacks, vinegar and sake.

When you eat Japanese food, you should try to finish the rice and all the side dishes at about the same time. You can always tell when someone is not used to eating Japanese food because they either have a lot of rice left after eating their side dishes or a lot side dishes left after eating their rice.

Sushi is the most popular rice dish. Most sushi is made with a small handful of rice and is topped with small piece of seafood (raw or cooked), vegetable, or egg. Kaitensushi shop, where the plates of sushi go around on a conveyor belt are common. You can also have a bowl of rice with sashimi on top of it. Onigiri is a homemade rice ball. Inside, it is filled with Japanese pickles, flakes of seafood or other ingredients. Usually the rice ball is wrapped in seaweed.

Do the Japanese use a lot of soy sauce?
Yes, they do. Soy sauce is called shoyu in Japanese. It is the main way to flavor their food. It is used when cooking food and also to flavor it when you eat. At most tables in Japanese restaurants, you will find a little bottle of shoyu. You cannot make very many Japanese dishes without using soy sauce.

I went to Japanese restaurant and had brown soup with seaweed in it. What was it?
That's miso shiru (miso soup). Miso is made from soybeans, salt and sometimes rice. It is used to make soup, but it is also used to add flavor to other types of Japanese dishes. Miso soup is a key food for almost any Japanese meal. Most typical Japanese meals include a cup of miso soup.

Do Japanese eat a lot of tofu?
Yes. Tofu is very common in Japan. Tofu is also a common ingredient in many parts of the world. There are many ways that you can use it. It is high in protein and low in fat, and it's cheap.

In America, tofu is used to make ice-cream and other food, but I once went to a tofu restaurant and I had a meal with about 10 courses, and everything was made out of tofu. Tofu doesn't have a strong flavor, and so it can be used in a lot of ways.

How is seaweed used in Japanese cooking?

Seaweeds (kaiso) have been an important part of the Japanese diet for many centuries. Today, various types of seaweed are used extensively as soup stock, seasonings and other forms in daily Japanese cooking. The following are the three most commonly used types of seaweed: Konbu is a large type of seaweed that is often used as a soup stock or in nabe (hot pot) dishes. Wakame is often used in soups such as the miso soup or in sunomono salads. Wakame is usually sold in dried form, and is soaked in water before usage. The picture on the left shows wakame in dried and soaked form. Nori are thin, dried seaweed sheets. Nori sheets are used in many sushi, or rice balls and as a topping or condiment for various noodle and other dishes.

Do Japanese eat raw fish everyday?
Not everyday, but sashimi is very popular. Most people like it. Sashimi is a little expensive and that's why most Japanese don't eat it everyday.

Do most Japanese eat a lot of noodles?
Yes, noodles are very popular in Japan. There are two kinds of traditional noodles ; udon and soba. Udon is widespread principally in Western Japan and Soba is relished principally in Eastern Japan. In recent years, a Chinese brand of noodles known as ramen is being prepared in Japanese style and has become the most popular noodle dish in Japan. Udon is made of wheat flour and Soba is made of grain which is from a plant that is relativily easy to cultivate. These ingredients, the soup, and the various toppings make the noodles different from each other. As you might know, all three of these are sold as instant noodles. Unlike Ramen, which is only served in a hot bowl of soup, Udon and Soba can also be served inside a cool broth. People eat it in this style in the summer.

At many train stations you can find simple restaurants which serve these noodles. You can't take your time eating them in these places and there are often no seats. You need to burn your tongue to down them quickly as the people in line will surely be rushing you. But, somehow, these quick noodle meals taste better than when you sit down and take time to eat. At first the noodle dishes all look the same and the taste may also seem the same. However, as you get used to eating noodles, you'll start to realize the differences and find that trying different kinds can be fun. While eating noodles in Japan you are allowed to "slurp". In fact, it seems customary to do so!

If you're traveling to Japan for the first time or going to a Japanese restaurant and fear that the only things to eat will be fish and rice, think again!Japanese noodles are delightfully served in a variety of ways. Like all Japanese food, the way it's prepared depends on the season. There's nothing better on a cold, damp winter day than a bowl of homemade ramen noodle soup. And conversely, on a hot, sticky summer day, eating a plate of cool buckwheat noodles with dipping sauce makes your whole body feel cooler.

Tips when eating at Japanese restaurants

2009-03-23T14:38:00.004+08:00

Ohiya (Cold drinking water)
Start with safe, tasty water in Japan.
When you take seat at a restaurant in Japan, cold water will be served. This is called "ohiya." Along with "ohiya," the waiter or waitress will also give you "oshibori," a wet towel you can use to wipe your hands and/or brow. Both "ohiya" and "oshibori" are provided free of charge and do not worry about tipping because it is not required for either of them. In some countries, they serve free mineral water in hotel rooms. In Japan, however, since tap water is safe and can be drunk as is, free mineral water is not provided at hotels.

Sabi-nuki (no wasabi)
Wisdom of the Japanese, who eat sushi and think "Sabi-nuki" means "no wasabi" and is a term from the sushi jargon. If you do not like hot wasabi, you should ask for "sabi-nuki" in advance at a sushi restaurant. By the way, do you know why we use wasabi in sushi It has been proven that wasabi eliminates fishy smell and has strong sterilizing power.
Since the Japanese eat raw fish, they have long known this power of wasabi. Tasty sushi incorporates the wisdom of the Japanese, too.
(Wasabi = Hot savory herb(Japanese horseradish, kind of) that complements sushi, sashimi, soba and other dishes)

[Pin-point Advice on Traveling]
How about trying common dishes.
Since you have traveled a long distance to come to Japan, please do not forget to try common dishes. Dishes favored by common people include soba, udon, ramen, and curry and rice. They cost approximately 500 yen, so trying them shouldn't be a problem. Please do not miss an opportunity to do so. Although you may have the impression that sushi is expensive, you will not have to worry much about prices if you go to a "kaitenzushi (conveyor-belt sushi)" restaurant. Since the prices are indicated by the color of the plates on which the sushi is served, you can enjoy sushi according to your budget.

Let's speak Japanese in a Sushi restaurant!
Hokkaido abounds in fresh seafood. When you go to a sushi restaurant, you should ask for your favorites by referring to the words and phrases below:

[Maguro] kudasai ([Tuna], please.)
[Maguro] no sabi-nuki kudasai ([Tuna] without wasabi, please.)
Sushi menu
Tuna (maguro)
Fatty tuna (toro)
Cuttlefish (ika) (Squid)
Octopus (tako)
Scallop (hotate)
Raw shrimp (ebi)
Salmon (sake, samon)
Crab (kani)
Sea urchin (uni)
Salmon roe (ikura)
Squila (syako)
Flatfish (hirame)
Tuna roll (tekkamaki)

Namara-umai! (Very delicious)
Do not miss delicious dishes that originated in Hokkaido "Namara-umai" means "very delicious" in the Hokkaido dialect. We have numerous tasty dishes unique to Sapporo and Hokkaido that might make you throw out this phrase in rapid succession. They include miso-flavored ramen, "Genghis Khan" barbecued lamb, fresh seafood, soup curry that has caught on nationwide and various sweets cooked with ingredients produced in Hokkaido. Since they are not so expensive, we recommend that you try Hokkaido's tasty specialties.

Let's speak Japanese in the Hokkaido dialect.
Like "namara-umai," we have a unique dialect in Hokkaido. Here is a list of terms from Hokkaido dialect for you to use without feeling embarrassed:

Umaissho (delicious)
Shibareru (very cold)
Shakkoi (cold)
Kepparu (work hard)
Menkoi (cute)
Obandesu (Good evening)
Azumashikunai (feel ill at ease)
Waya (terrible)

*Be aware! These are Hokkaido dialects and may not be understood outside Hokkaido.

[Pin-point Advice on Traveling]
"Otoshi" is served even if you do not order it.
When you order an alcoholic beverage, a small dish is served along with the drink in some cases. This is called "otoshi (starter)." "Otoshi" is served to all customers, even to those who have not ordered it, but it is not free. It would be easy for you to consider it as sort of cover charge. Also referred to as "tsukidashi," "otoshi" varies depending on the restaurant and season. Common food tends to be served, but you never know what you will get!

Methods of payment in Japan
Japanese people say "okaikei o onegaishimasu" to the waiter / waitress when they have finished their meals and want to pay. It means "Check, please". The waiter / waitress will bring the bill to your table. You can pay at your table in some restaurants. However, not all restaurants have this payment system. Some restaurants use a pre-paid meal coupon system while others require the meals to be prepaid.
Please note that in many restaurants, you are kindly advised to pay at the cash register near the entrance / exit.

Let's speak Japanese at a restaurant
We have a collection of useful expressions to use when you pay for your meals. When you leave the restaurant, please do not forget to say "Gochisosama" with a smile.

Okaikei o onegaishimasu (Check, please.)
Dokode harauno desuka? (Where should I pay?)
Ikura desuka? (How much is it?)
Credit card wa tsukae masuka? (Do you accept credit cards?)
Oishikatta desu (I enjoyed the meal. It was good!)
Gochisosama deshita (Thank you for the meal.)

Useful Column
Please try the following dishes. Did you find them delicious or unsavory.
By difficulty levels Let's try Japanese tastes that Japanese people eat routinely.

Difficulty Level 1: No problem!
Tsukemono // primarily vegetables pickled in salt - is a preserved food unique to snowy areas. Other than pickles in salt, we have those in rice-bran paste, soybean paste, sake lees and so forth. Pickles have different characteristics in different regions, and Nishinzuke, pickled dried herring, cabbages, and so on, in addition to Matsumaezuke, dried cuttlefish and kelp pickled in soy sauce, are famous in Hokkaido.

Difficulty Level 2: You can manage!
Umeboshi // In Japan, people talk about "umeboshi" first when it comes to sour food. It is one of Japan's traditional preserved foods and is made by pickling plums in salt and then drying them in the sun. Umeboshi is used for boxed meals because it helps to keep the food fresh. It has long been popular as a healthy snack and we found that it has the effect of soothing fatigue.

Difficulty Level 3: Appearance of an archenemy!
Ikura // Refers to salmon roes pickled in salt or soy sauce. Salmon and trout are fish that are representative of Hokkaido. "Ikuradon," or a bowl of rice topped with plentiful amounts of ikura, has gained great popularity as one of Hokkaido specialties. Ikura is also popular as a sushi ingredient available in Hokkaido. Salmon roes that have been separated into individual eggs are called ikura while those that are still in the sac are referred to as sujiko.

Difficulty Level 4: You would be a Japanese food connoisseur if you can eat it.
Shiokara // Eefers to the salted and fermented flesh, internal organs, eggs and the like of sea animals. The most popular shiokara in Japan is from squid. People eat it as a side dish and snacks to go with alcoholic beverages, but some people do not like it at all. "Konowata," considered to be one of the top three delicacies in Japan, is made with the intestines of sea cucumbers.

Difficulty Level 5: You are as Japanese as the Japanese if you can eat it.
Natto // Natto is made by fermenting soybeans with the bacillus natto bacterium and is characterized by its strong smell and sticky and stringy consistency. This is a must-eat breakfast dish for many Japanese people and a number of hotels serve it for breakfast. Having said that, there are a lot of Japanese people who do not like it and people do not eat it very often in the Kansai region. Generally, people pour soy sauce onto natto, but they also add mustard, leeks, eggs and such if they like.

Hokkaido Simply Delicious!!!

2009-03-23T02:53:00.005+08:00

Eat the Delicacies of Hokkaido, one of the biggest attractions of Hokkaido is of course, the FOODs!!! There are a variety of dishes and foods made from freshest ingredients. Flavors of Hokkaido are diverse, depending on seasons, regions and restaurants.

If you want to experience the delights of Hokkaido, eating fresh sushi and Kaisendon (seafood rice bowls) are a must. Sushi-bar Street in Otaru (Otaru Sushiya-dori) is filled with traditional sushi bars and new revolving sushi restaurants. Some restaurants are famous for all-you-can-eat style sushi, others are for their big lumps of sushi. You can enjoy sushi in any style you like.

Ekiben is a packed lunch often sold at railway stations. Eating ekiben is one of the pleasures of travelling. In Hokkaido, many of them use local specialties like 'ikura' (salmon eggs), 'uni' (sea urchin eggs), crab meat, squid, clams, scallops, etc.

One-Pot Dishes are Popular Winter Standard. Ishikari-nabe is a one-pot dish in which salmon, its milt and various vegetables are cooked with miso sauce. Its name was derived from Ishikari River, famous for salmon. Sanpei-jiru is a soup of salmon or hatahata fish and vegetables with salt and kelp flavor. There are also a variety of one-pot dishes (nabemono in Japanese) in Hokkaido, such as Hamanabe and Gokko-nabe, as people have to live with long and severe winter.

Genghis Kahn (Jingisukan) is a lamb barbecue dish named after the Mongolian warrior, is unique to Hokkaido and especially popular at beer halls throughout the city, many with their own original sauces in which the lamb is either marinated or dipped after grilling. The dish is rumored to be so named because in prewar Japan, lamb was widely thought to be the meat of choice among Mongolian soldiers, and the dome-shaped skillet is meant to represent the soldier's helmets that they purportedly used to cook their food.

At home or outdoors, this barbecue is so popular among Hokkaido people for “Ohanami” cherry blossom viewing, summer camping, on the beach , in the field, or at home, many enjoy having Jingisukan. Standard ingredients for this is, mutton or lamb, vegetables like onions, bean-sprouts, or others depending on the season or individuals ’liking. In most cases, for eating this barbecue, we use the special iron-cast pans in the shape of flat helmets with the hollow edges all around. In eating the meat, there are two choices, one is the meat is already soaked in the special sauce, the other is choosing the raw meat. For both kinds, we grill the meat on the pan with other ingredients at table, after the ingredients are cooked, we dip them into the special sauce for the unseasoned meat, or if we need more taste. If you have a chance of visiting supermarkets, meat corners, you find many different kinds of packs of Jingisukan coming from many different farms or factories along with different kinds of sauce. For local people, it’s quite common to have the “Jingisukan pan “at home, enjoying this barbecue with good beer or other beverages all the year round. In Sapporo, there’re many restaurants especially for good Jingisukan, so why don’t you try eating this specialty from Hokkaido while you stay here ?

Hokkaido has the biggest production of soba (buckwheat) in Japan. Sorachi and Tokachi provinces are the main production centers. Because of the big difference of temperatures between daytime and night, Hokkaido's soba (buckwheat) is especially tasty. There are thousands of soba noodle restaurants in Hokkaido, many of them serve handmade soba noodles made from locally produced soba.

Ramen is very popular all over Japan. Its history began in 1922 when a Chinese restaurant served ramen for the first time. Now, there are thousands of ultimate ramen restaurants in Hokkaido. Indeed some streets have nothing but ramen shops like the famous Ramen Yokocho or Ramen Alley, where signatures of past and present celebrities adorn the walls of the shops that line either side of the narrow passageway. Typical Sapporo's ramen is miso flavoured ramen served with rich butter and sweet corn. Asahikawa ramen is popular for its original soy sauce flavour, and Hakodate ramen is famous for its salt flavour. There are also other ramen with the names of their places. Individual ramen shops all have their own particular flavour and style and chefs can be quite secretive about what makes their soup so special. Everyone has their favourite ramen shop and a local's recommendation is worth getting. Otherwise, look out for crowds, as a queue waiting to be seated is a sure sign of quality.

Soup curry has become popular among local people. It is a new style dish of a mixture of ramen soup and curry. It is different to a normal thick curry and tastes like a curry flavoured spice soup cooked with large pieces of meat and vegetables. There are great varieties in ingredients. Some restaurants have 'Natto' (fermented soybeans), boiled egg or seafood in their soup curry. It may be interesting to try different soup curry.

Blessed with a broad expanse of land, a sunny climate, and water on all sides, Hokkaido has a rich natural environment and is a treasure trove of farm and marine products that are cherished by people throughout Japan.

More than 30 years have passed since the production of wine has begun in Hokkaido. Wineries have opened in Otaru, Hakodate, Furano, Yoichi, etc. Wines made in Hokkaido are steadily gaining popularity in Japan. Other kinds of wine made from local specialties such as haskapp berries, cowberries, melons, etc, are also popular.

In Hokkaido, there are many kinds of local beers. Their skills were introduced from countries like Germany, Belgium and Hungary. Those breweries are often small, so the production is usually labor-intensive. The beers are made from pure water and locally produced malt and hop. Sapporo is the spiritual home of Japanese beer. Sapporo Beer, founded here in 1876, still brews locally along with other major national brewers; Asahi, Kirin and a host of local microbreweries.

Hokkaido produces many kinds of Japanese and Western sweets, made from quality dairy products and agricultural produce. 'An' is bean jam made from Hokkaido's high quality adzuki beans, and mainly used in Japanese sweets. Hokkaido's cool climate is ideal for making chocolate. White chocolate and raw chocolate have become Hokkaido's specialties.

Dairy farming is popular in Hokkaido, and it is well known for producing good, economical beef, poke and mutton. Brand beef such as 'Hidaka beef' and 'Shiraoi beef' are known for their good quality. You can also try rare sea lion meat and reindeer meat. It is famous for its excellent dairy products. Cheese and butter were first produced in Hokkaido in the Meiji Era. Their quality is based on the knowledge accumulated during the history of one century, and known worldwide. The long history of dairy farming in and around Sapporo has produced a legacy of first class butter, milk, and ice cream products. Indeed Sapporo is home to one of Japan's major producers, "Snow Brand" as well as many other first-class, local enterprises. Ice cream made from fresh milk is also very popular.

Hokkaido is the home of vegetables in Japan and locally grown potatoes, pumpkins, onions, and asparagus add their natural flavours to any local dish. Potatoes, as well as sweet corn, are another taste of autumn in Hokkaido, and worth trying. Newly harvested potatoes are called 'Shin-jaga', and have fresh taste. Tokibi (Sweet Corn) is the king of delicacies of Hokkaido, being harvested from August to September. Many tiny stalls selling roast corn line the Odori Koen Promenade in central Sapporo during the season, and people enjoying a stroll in the promenade while munching on corn on the cob is a familiar scene. When they are kept through the winter, they taste sweeter.

Summer sees the harvest of the various types of melon grown in the area. Delicious, fragrant Yubari melons and Furano melons are famous nationwide. Haskapp is a small purple berry used for sweets and jam. Cherries of Niki are a popular specialty of the region. 'Densuke-suika' of Touma is a rare black jumbo watermelon. Its taste is very sweet.

Much of Hokkaido's population lives by the sea, and consequently seafood figures heavily in Hokkaido fare and are considered to be among Japan's very best seafood. Hokkaido is famous for its catch of variety of Kani (crab), such as 'kegani' (hairy crab, the most popular), 'tarabagani' (king crab) and 'hanasakigani'. 'Zuwaigani' (snow crab) is often called "the king of winter taste".There are many different crab dishes including 'nabemono' (a one-pot dish), 'yakimono' (grilled dish) and 'sunomono' (vinegared dish), but best eaten boiled. Sake (Salmon) dishes unique to Hokkaido style are 'Sampei-jiru' and 'Ishikari-nabe'. Ishikari-nabe is a one-pot dish in which salmon, its milt and various vegetables are cooked with miso sauce. Its name was derived from Ishikari River, famous for salmon. Sanpei-jiru is a soup of salmon or hatahata fish and vegetables with salt and kelp flavor. There are variety of processed salmon foods such as 'aramaki-zake' (salmon stuffed with salt, a preserved food), 'Kunsei' (smoked fish), 'Toba' (dried salmon), 'Tsukemono' (Japanese pickles), 'Izushi' (fermented fish), 'Suziko' (salted salmon eggs), 'Ikura' (processed salmon eggs). Ika (Squid) are caught mainly on Tsugaru Strait near Hakodate. They are eaten grilled, boiled or pickled, but the best of all is their fresh sashimi. 'Ika Somen' is a very popular dish of very thinly sliced squid sashimi, eaten with somen noodle sauce and grated ginger. 'Ikameshi' (stuffed squid with rice) is also popular in Hakodate. Processed squid such as 'Shiokara' (fermented with fish guts) and 'Surume' (dried squid) go best with 'Sake' (Japanese traditional rice wine). Uni (Sea Urchins) are popularly used in sushi, 'nabemono' (a one-pot dish) and rice dishes such as 'uni-don' which is a bowl of rice topped with sea urchin eggs.

JAPANESE LANGUAGE (日本語)

2009-03-23T00:20:00.008+08:00

The Japanese language is spoken by the approximately 120 million inhabitants of Japan, and by the Japanese living in Hawaii and on the North and South American mainlands. It is also spoken as a second language by the Chinese and the Korean people who lived under Japanese occupation earlier this century.

CHARACTERISTIC OF JAPANESE
Vocabulary //
Three categories of words exist in Japanese. The native Japanese words constitute the largest category, followed by words originally borrowed from China in earlier history, and the smallest but a rapidly growing category of words borrowed in modern times from Western languages such as English. This third category also contains a small number of words that have come from other Asian languages. Studies by the National Language Institute show that the frequency of these three types of words varies according to the kinds of written material examined. In magazines, native Japanese words constitute more than half of the total words, while the Chinese borrowed words average about 40%, and the rest drawn from the recently borrowed words from Western languages. In newspapers, the words of Chinese origin number greater than the Japanese native words.
Sounds of the Language

Japanese has an open-syllable sound pattern, so that most syllables end in a vowel -- the syllable may be composed solely of the vowel. There are five vowels, /a/, /i/, /u/, /e/, and /o/. Vowel length often distinguishes words, as in to for "door" and too for "ten." The basic consonants are: /k/, /s/, /t/, /n/, /h/, /m/, /y/, /r/, /w/, and the syllabic nasal /N/. Many of these consonants can be palatalized in front of the vowels /a/, /u/, and /o/, for example, /kya/, /kyu/, /kyo/. When the two consonants, /s/ and /t/, occur with the vowel /i/, these consonants are automatically palatalized as /shi/ and /chi/. The consonant /t/ is pronounced as /ts/ in front of the vowel /u/.

Unlike English, which has stress accent, Japanese has pitch accent, which means that after an accented syllable, the pitch falls. The word for "chopsticks," hashi, has the accent on the first syllable, so its pitch contour is ha shi. Without the accent on the first syllable, hashi may mean "bridge" or "edge." "Bridge" has accent on the second syllable, which can be seen if a grammatical particle such as the subject marker ga is attached to the word: hashi ga. "Edge" has no accent, so it would be pronounced without any fall in the pitch even with a grammatical marker such as ga.

Grammar //
Every language has a basic word order for the words in a sentence. In English, the sentence Naomi uses a computer has the order subject (Naomi), verb (uses), and object (a computer). In the corresponding Japanese sentence, the subject comes first, just as in English, but then the object appears, followed finally by the verb: Naomi-ga (Naomi) konpyuuta-o (computer) tukau (use). The rule of thumb in Japanese is that in a sentence, the verb comes at the end. The two word orders, subject-verb-object for English and subject-object-verb for Japanese, are both common among the languages of the world. If we look again at the Japanese sentence, we see that the subject and the object are accompanied by particles, ga with the subject "Naomi" (Naomi-ga) and o with the object "computer" (konpyuuta-o). These are called case markers, and a large number of the world's languages have them. We can see a remnant of a case-marking system even in English: the pronouns in English change shape depending on where it occurs, he/she/they in the subject position, but him/her/them in the object position (e.g., She saw him). If we go back in history, the older English of five hundred to one thousand years ago had an extensive case-marking system similar to modern Japanese. These case markers make it possible for the words in Japanese to appear in different orders and retain the same meaning. In the sentence we have been looking at, it is possible to place the object where the subject normally occurs, and the subject in the normal object position, and not change the meaning: konpyuuta-o Naomi-ga tukau. If we do the same thing to English, the meaning of the sentence is radically altered (The computer uses Naomi). If we have a more complex sentence, it is still possible to change the order of all the words as long as the verb remains at the end. The sentence "Naomi gave a computer to Taro" has the subject-indirect object-object- verb basic order, Naomi-ga (Naomi) Taro-ni (to Taro) konpyuuta-o (computer) ageta (gave). This sentence has the following word order possibilities, starting with the basic order we just observed.

Naomi-ga Taro-ni konpyuuta-o ageta (subject-indirect object-object verb)
Naomi-ga konpyuuta-o Taro-ni ageta (subject-object-indirect object verb)
Taro-ni Naomi-ga konpyuuta-o ageta (indirect object-subject-object-verb)
konpyuuta-o Naomi-ga Taro-ni ageta (object-subject-indirect object verb)
Taro-ni konpyuuta-o Naomi-ga ageta (indirect object-object-subject verb)
konpyuuta-o Taro-ni Naomi-ga ageta (object-indirect object-subject-verb)

Although the Japanese language allows a multitude of word orders, the one inflexible order is the verb, in that it must appear at the end of the sentence. This is no accident. The core element in a sentence is the verb, because the verb expresses the action or the event involving the referents of the other words. Such a core is often referred to as the "head" of a sentence or a clause, and Japanese always places the head at the end of its clause. In a noun phrase, modifiers function to modify the head, as in expensive computer, where expensive modifies the head of the phrase, computer. In Japanese, the modifier always precedes the head, as expected (takai (expensive) konpyuuta (computer)). This is not only true of simple modifiers, but for modifiers that involve an entire sentence. Note that in the English sentence the computer [that Naomi uses], the bracketed portion modifies the head computer, and this modifier follows the head. In Japanese, the head-final order is invariably followed, so that this would be expressed with the modifier preceding the head: [Naomi-ga tukau (that Naomi uses)] konpyuuta. With few exceptions, the languages of the world either follow the head-final order, just as in Japanese, or the head-initial order (for example, Indonesian). Within the same language, we might see one or the otheroption for different types of clauses, as we saw for English simple modifiers (head-final) and sentence modifiers (head-initial). Japanese is consistently head-final for all types of clauses.

The Japanese verb does not indicate number or gender. The same form for the verb is used with singular and plural subjects, and no gender distinction is made. The verb inflects for tense, negation, aspect, and mood. Following are some inflections for the verb "to push," which has the root os-.

os-u (push) present/dictionary form
os-ita (pushed) past
os-anai (not push) negation
os-ite iru (is pushing) progressive
os-e (push) imperative
os-itara (if (you) push) conditional

These forms vary depending on whether the root of the verb ends in a consonant or a vowel. While the root of the verb "to push" above is consonant-final, a verb such as "to eat" has a vowel-final root (tabe-), and it takes a slightly different shape for each of the inflections: tabe- ru (present/dictionary form), tabe-ta (past), tabe-nakatta (negation), tabe-te iru (progressive), tabe-ro (imperative), tabe-tara (conditional). In languages such as Italian and Spanish, a rich verbal inflection that indicates both number and gender often allows the speaker not to express the subject if it is understood in the context, e.g., (Juan) vio ese film ((Juan) saw that film) in Spanish. In Japanese, despite the lack of number and gender inflection on the verb, it is possible not only to leave the subject out, but any other element in the sentence except the verb, so long as it is understood in the sentence. The Japanese counterpart of the sentence "Naomi uses the computer" may be expressed simply by saying the verb tukau (use), so long as it's clear to the hearer from context that the sentence refers to Naomi and to the computer.

In Japanese, ideas often expressed in other languages with separate clauses and sentences frequently take the shape of a word, albeit a complex one. This is the agglutinative nature of the language. For example, the expression in English, Naomi was made to go purchase a more expensive computer by Mary, contains separate verbs was made, go, and purchase. In the Japanese counterpart, these verbs together form one complex verb (Japanese uses "come" for the English "go" in this context) : katte-ko-sase-rare-ta (buy-come-made-was-past). Other languages that have an agglutinative verb system include Korean, Navaho, and Turkish.

Writing System //
Japanese is traditionally written vertically, with the lines starting from the right side of the page. While this way of writing is still predominant, there is another way that is identical to English in starting from the top left hand side, with each line written horizontally.

Japanese is written using two systems of orthography, Chinese characters and syllabaries. Chinese characters, or kanji, were brought in from China starting about 1,500 years ago. Prior to their introduction, Japanese was strictly a spoken language. Chinese characters are by far the more difficult system because of the sheer number of characters and the complexity both in writing and reading each character. Each character is associated with a meaning; for example, the character 行 has the basic meaning "to go." There are tens of thousands of characters attested, but in 1946, the Japanese government identified 1,850 characters for daily use. In 1981, the list was increased in number to 1,945 characters, and given the name Joyo Kanji List (Kanji for Daily Use). The characters in the Daily Use List must be learned in primary and secondary schools, and newspapers generally limit the use of characters to this list. Most characters are associated with at least two readings, the native Japanese reading, and the reading that simulates the original Chinese pronunciation of the same character. If the same character came into Japan at different periods or from different dialect regions of China, the character may be associated with a multitude of Chinese readings that represent different historical periods and dialectal differences. For example, the character , "to go," has four different readings, the Japanese reading and three distinct originally Chinese readings. The second system of wriiting are syllabaries, or kana, which were developed by the Japanese from certain Chinese characters about 1,000 years ago. Each syllabary represents a syllable in the language, and, unlike Chinese characters, it represents a sound but not meaning. There are two types of syllabaries, hiragana and katakana, each containing the same set of sounds. For example, the sound "ka" in Japanese may be represented by the hiragana or the katakana , both of which were developed from the Chinese character . Hiragana is often used in combination with a Chinese character, in such a way that, for example, the character represents roughly the root of a verb, and the inflection is written with hiragana. Katakana is used to write loan words from Western languages such as English, French, and German. It is not uncommon to find kanji, hiragana, and katakana used in the same sentence. Along with Chinese characters and syllabaries, Roman alphabets are sometimes employed for such things as names of organizations. For example, companies such as Honda, Toyota, and Sony often use Roman alphabets for their name in advertisements.

HISTORY OF THE JAPANESE LANGUAGE
Through painstaking research, we now have conclusive evidence for the genetic relationships of the major languages of the world. English, along with a host of languages spoken in Europe, Russia, and India, belong to the Indo-European family of languages. In contrast, there is no conclusive evidence relating Japanese to a single family of languages. The most prominent hypothesis places Japanese in the Altaic family, which includes Turkish, Tungusic, Mongolian, and Korean, with the closest relationship to Korean. According to Roy Andrew Miller, the original Altaic language was spoken in the Transcaspian steppe country, and the speakers of this language undertook massive migrations before 2,000 B.C., spreading this language family from Turkey in the west to Japan in the east. However, this hypothesis is inconsistent with some major features of Japanese, leading some scholars to turn to the languages of the South Pacific in the Austronesian family for clues of genetic relationship. A hypothesis that has currency among a number of Japanese historical linguists is a "hybrid" theory that accepts the relationship to the Altaic family, but also hypothesizes influence from Austronesian languages possibly through heavy lexical borrowing. It is also important to note that in the northern island of Hokkaido, the Ainu people, who are physically and culturally different from the rest of the Japanese, speak a language that has even more successfully escaped attempts to relate it to a single language family.

With the introduction of the writing system from China starting about 1,500 years ago, the Japanese people began to extensively record their language through poetry and prose. The language of that era, called Old Japanese, had a number of features that have been lost through time. For example, Susumu Ono has argues that Old Japanese had eight vowels instead of the five that we see today. There were also a number of grammatical and morphological features that no longer exist. The transition from Old Japanese to Modern Japanese took place from about the twelfth century, A.D., to the sixteenth century, A.D.

VARIETIES OF JAPANESE
Regional Dialects //
There are a large number of dialects throughout the four main islands and the smaller islands of Okinawa and others. Some dialects such as those spoken in the southern parts of Japan (Kyushu, Okinawa) are virtually incomprehensible to the speakers of other dialects, requiring the use of the standard (or "common") dialect for communication. The two dialect families with the largest number of speakers are the dialect spoken in and around Tokyo, which is equivalent to the "common" dialect, and the dialects of the Kansai region spoken in western Japan in cities such as Kyoto, Osaka, and Kobe. Due to the spread of the common dialect through television and radio, most people outside the Tokyo region speak the common dialect as well as the dialect of their area.

Social Styles of Speech //
The Japanese language employs an extensive system of politeness and honorific markers. It is often the case that in order to utter any kind of expression, the speaker must keep in mind his/her social standing to the person addressed, and the person being talked about. These markers appear on verbs, adjectives, and even nouns. For example, the informal form of the verb "to go," iku, is used when speaking with someone close to the speaker, but if the person addressed is a stranger or is older than the speaker, the politeness marker -masu appears: iki- masu. If the person being talked about is socially superior to the speaker, the honorific form of the verb "to go," irassyaru, is may be employed, even if this person is not present. In using this honorific form to talk about a socially-superior person, if the person addressed doesn't have a close relation to the speaker, such as a relative or a friend, or is older, the politeness marker appears on the honorific form: irassyai-masu. Thus, this form, irassyai-masu, simultaneously allows the speaker to be polite to the person addressed and show respect to the person being talked about. The prefix o- (go- in some contexts) may be used with nouns and adjectives to show politeness or respect to the person addressed or spoken of, as in o-tuskue (desk) and o-suki (like).

The use of pronouns varies according to social context and also often according to gender. The first person pronoun boku is used by a male in relatively informal situations, while watashi is used by a female in informal situations and by both male and female in formal situations. There are a large number of ways to expressed "you" according to social context and gender, including using the actual name of the person addressed. Aside from pronouns, the choice of some sentence-final particles varies by gender in informal speech.

The use of politeness and honorific markers and the various pronouns reflect the prominent role that in-group/out-of-group factors play in Japanese. If the person addressed is not within the "group" of the speaker in personal relationship or age, the speaker uses the polite style of speech. Familial words also reflect this. The word for your own mother is haha, but okaasan for the mother of others. We see the same bifurcation for the terms for father, sister, brother, and so forth.

FAQ
Where did Kanji come from?
Kanji, or Chinese characters, came from China about 1,400 years ago. Similar kanji are also used in China, Korea, Taiwan and some other countries, but they don't have the same meaning. For example, the characters for letter (tegami) mean toilet paper in China.

There are two types of kanji in Japanese. One type is close to Chinese character that came from China. The other type is called Japanese kanji (kokuji). Kokuji were made by Japanese based on Chinese charcters. Japanese characters are simpler than the Chinese characters. In 1981, the former Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, designated 1,945 kanji for daily use. Thet are called "joyokanji". They are learned in school, so most people know at least this many characters.

Is Japanese a difficult language to learn?
There are only 51 sounds in Japanese, so it is not difficult to pronounce. Some people say that Japanese sounds like Spanish.

However, there are many types of Japanese, and so it is difficult to know which type to use. Male and female Japanese is a bit different, so if a man uses the language used by women, he will sound very strange. Or if an adult used the language used by a child, that would sound funny.

It is easy to speak basic Japanese, but it is difficult to speak correct, polite Japanese. For example, there are sometimes many way to say one thing. If you want to say "you", you can use anata, kimi, or omae. You just have to use the right word or you will sound too strong or too weak.

For me, one of the most difficult things about learning Japanese was knowing which word to use. it took me a long time to learn that it was okay to say omae to a friend, but not to a business client. I had an American friend who told me he once called his Japanese client omae because he was in the habit of using it all the time with his friends! Of course, this didn't sound good at all.

In America and many other countries, the most important thing is to be friendly. So it's not uncommon to even call your boss by his or her first name. But in Japan, It's more important to show respect than to be friendly. So sometimes you might think that Japanese are unfriendly and cold, but they are probably just trying to show respect to you.

Is Japanese difficult to read and write?
Yes, it is difficult. One of the reasons is that there are three types of writing : Kanji, hiragana, and katakana.

Each kanji characters has a meaning, and the character are put together to form words. For example, the kanji for "food" is made by putting the character for "to eat" and the character for "thing" together to make "an eating thing".

Hiragana is like simple kanji. The hiragana symbols are a little like the English alphabet because they have sounds and not meanings. These symbols are used to put kanji together and to show different forms of the same root kanji. For example, in haya-i ('quick", adjective), haya-ku ("quickly", adverb), haya-sa ("speed", noun), the haya part is the kanji and the rest is written in hiragana. And hiragana can also be used to make words on their own.

Katakana is like hiragana, each symbols has a sound and not a meaning. But katakana is used mostly to write words from English or other foreign languages. So if you wanted to write "hamburger" in Japanese, you would use katakana.

"The Latin alphabet (romaji) is also often used in modern Japanese, especially for company names and logos, advertising, and when entering Japanese text into a computer.

Can you pronounce Western names properly in Japanese?
Japanese has fewer sounds than English, and so when you put names into Japanese, you can sometimes get funny words. For example, my name is Max, but I have to pronounce it "makkusu" in Japanese.

Other foreigners have an even more difficult time with their names in Japan. I met a man in Japan named Gerry, in Japanese his name sounds like geri (diarrhea). Another one even worst, his name is Barker, which sounds like baka (fool).

Life of a Bento

2009-03-22T18:26:00.030+08:00

Bentos are just starting to penetrate the consciousness of people outside of Japan, though judging from the growing interest ina bento sites like this one and several others, it’s definitely trending up. However, the bento or obento (the more polite honorific term) in its many guises is an integral part of life in Japan. Here are the many different types of bento that a typical Japanese person might eat at different stages of life.

The Preschool Years

Pre-school institutions in Japan are nursery school (保育園　ほいくえん　hoiku-en), which is for children aged about 2 to to 4, and kindergarten (幼稚園　ようちえん　yoh-chi-en), for age 5 to 1st grade. Most pre-schools do not have school lunch facilities, so children are required to bring bentos for lunch. For mothers, making bentos every day for their children can be a stressful yet exciting challenge.

Some mothers (and even a couple of fathers) knock themselves out making charaben or kyaraben (キャラ弁）, those highly decorated, cute bentos that still get the lion’s share of attention outside of Japan when it comes to bentos. The most-often stated reason for charaben is to encourage picky eaters to eat their food, but I’ve always thought that their role as a creative outlet for the mothers, as well as the urge to compete against other kids’ bentos (and by extension, their mothers’ bento skills) are just as strong incentives. Every lunchtime can be a contest of sorts as to who has the cutest bento. There are also numerous formal contests that a charaben enthusiast can enter to win prizes, money and more.

Elementary (Primary) School Years

Most elementary or primary schools (小学校　しょうがっこう　shoh-gakkou) have school lunch programs, so mothers are relieved from everyday bento duty. However, bentos are still necessary for school outings (遠足　えんそく　ensoku), which occur once or twice every school year.

Another occasion when bentos are needed is the annual Sports Festival　（運動会　うんどうかい　undoukai). This is a school-wide event where the kids are divided into two teams, Red and White, and compete in various athletic events. Parents are supposed to attend, and at lunchtime the whole family sits somewhere within the school grounds and tucks into a big family bento. This is another opportunity for the creative bentoist to show his or her skills off.

And of course, during summer vacation the family might go on a trip to the mountains or the seaside, with some onigiri (rice balls) or even a picnic basket.

The High School Years (Grades 7 to 12 in the U.S.)

High school isdivided into junior high, or middle school (中学校　ちゅがっこう　chuugakkkoh) and senior high, or upper school (高校　こうこう　koukou or 高等学校　こうとうがっこう　kohtoh gakkoh). Many high schools don’t have cafeterias or school lunch programs, so it’s back to bento again. Boys of this age are growing rapidly and have huge appetites, so their mothers pack them big bentos (ドカ弁　dokaben). The boys are often still hungry, so they supplement their bentos with sweet (お菓子パン）or savory (おかずパン）filled breads like a yakisoba pan (a roll filled with fried noodles), anpan (a roll filled with sweet red bean paste), hotdogs and so on, bought at a convenience store or bakery.

Some girls are as hungry as the boys (especially if they participate in after-school sports) and require big bentos too, but others like small, pretty bentos that help them to watch their weight （ダイエット弁当, diet bento), made by their ever obliging mothers.

Ronin-sei and College/University Years

In Japan, the best way to assure future success in life is to enter a good university. Because of this, competition for entry into the best schools like Tokyo University is extremely fierce - so fierce in fact that if someone doesn’t get in on the first try (they can take the entrance exams in their last year of high school) they will try once, twice, even more times, going to exam prep schools. These in-between students are called 浪人生　(ろうにんせい　rouninsei), which comes from the word 浪人　(ろうにん　rounin), which were what out-of-work samurai were called in the olden days.

Rohnin-sei, as well as college kids, have notoriously poor eating habits, especially the boys. These students rely a lot on what’s available at their local konbini (コンビニ, convenience store). Konbini stock a lot of readymade bentos. They aren’t necessarily healthy choices, since they tend to have a lot of deep fried or otherwise high-fat foods in them, but they are probably better than cup noodles and hamburgers.

Girls of this period in life might also go for pretty food with a pseudo-European flair. This is typically served at cafes and is called ‘Cafe style’. Cafe style bentos (カフェ弁当, cafe bento) come in alternate packaging and in small portions. There’s usually a dessert too. (For some reason, desserts, fruit and other sweet things are considered the domain of women in Japan, and not very manly.)

Young Adults, Newlyweds

After graduating from university, both single guys and girls continue to rely on konbini bento and the like for their sustenance, though many women, and some men, start making their own, health-conscious bentos. (Incidentally, this type of bento is what Just Bento is mostly about!)

Once they get married, a guy might be lucky enough to get a wife who takes the time to make him ‘Loving Wife Bento’, or 愛妻弁当 (あいさいべんとう　aisai bento). These tend to be cute, colorful bentos, nutritonally balanced, often with little love messages (edible or not) in them - sort of a grown up version of charaben.

The honeymoon period does not last long for most couples.

The Child Rearing and Working Years

When the kids come, there’s no time to make heart shapes on Dad’s bento, so his bentos become purely practical, tasty and nutritious. The thermal bento packed with hot rice (hokaben, ホカ弁）is popular amongst men of a certain age.

Also popular amongst those men of a certain age, but across all ages too, are train station bentos (駅弁, ekiben). Many people dream of taking a leisurely trip around the country, riding local rail lines and enjoying regional bentos. Most people don’t have that kind of time though, so they content themselves by buying ekiben in the food halls of department stores.

Once the kids are bigger, Mom has a bit more leisure time. She might take advantage of that by enjoying lunches out with her friends. They might enjoy an elegant bento lunch (幕の内弁当, makunouchi bento) at a traditional Japanese restaurant, but might keep it a secret from their husbands. These ladies of a certain age have a lot of influence on which restaurants become popular. (A cliché is that if you see a lot of middle-aged women at a restaurant around lunchtime, that place is bound to be good and a good value too.)

The Golden Years

A retired couple, if they don’t get divorced (‘retirement divorce’ is an increasing phenomenon in Japan) have a lot more leisure time. With the kids grown up and hopefully gone (though many adult children in Japan continue to live with their parents, especially if unmarried) they can indulge in things like home delivered bento （お取り寄せ弁当） without breaking the bank.

The older a Japanese person gets, the more they tend to prefer simple, traditional food. Simple onigiri (rice balls), perhaps filled with homemade umeboshi, are a perfect bento snack or lunch. In fact, onigiri are universally loved - they are soul food for Japanese People.

A few other bento types and vocabulary:

Kouraku bento (行楽弁当) - any type of bento eaten on an outing, such as for cherry blossom viewing. Can be an elaborate makunouchi bento, or something assembled at a convenience store.
Ohanami bento (お花見弁当）- a bento eaten while admiring the cherry blossoms.
Omotenashi bento (おもてなし弁当) - bentos served to guests; usually a makunouchi bento type.
Shoukadou bento (松花堂弁当）- related to makunouchi bento; a formal bento served at restaurants, where a deep bento box is divided into 4 equal sections, each section with a small serving dish.
Hinomaru bento (日の丸弁当）- the simplest kind of bento; the box is filled with white rice, and an umeboshi (pickled plum) is placed in the middle.
Jukuben (塾弁) - a light bento eaten in the evening at juku (exam prep school). Most Japanese schoolkids go to a juku at some point in their lives.

And just in case you were wondering, all of the bentos in the photos are Re-ment miniatures.

Biei & Niseko

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Biei is a very small town surrounded by a beautiful hilly landscape. Walking or pedalling rented cycle is recommended for travelling around the Biei,even the area is little bit wider for day trip. The day will be closed with satisfied feeling after wandering hills of Biei. For easier orientation, the area south of the town center has been named "Panorama Road" and the area northwest of the town center "Patchwork Road". The English language tourist brochure introduces recommended courses. Along the roads, there are various observation points, flower parks and some handsome trees and tree groups, which have gained fame through (mainly tobacco related) advertising appearances.

Small yellow flowers which called Kigarashi frequentry met as the landscape of Biei.

Main town district of Biei is surrounding area of Biei station. There are two bridges over the river Biei consisted with south border of the residential area. After crossing the river, two roads ascend to hill. A road continued from the red bridge goes to Bibaushi with parallel of JR Furano line which runs through the valley of the hill west and reaches Bibaushi station. Another scenic drive comes from the green bridge runs on the backbone of hill and meets "San ai no oka" view point. Small parking provides taking brief stop to enjoy vista mainly Tokachi mountains in fine day, although west part also good scenery of farmers field surrounded. Going ahead of there. With appearing lined pine trees in right roadside, another viewpoint "Chiyoda no oka" will be closed. Entering the dirt and scale up steps for white pencil like tower will introduce you viewing down the wider landscape of the area supposed by all peaks of Tokachi mountains as backdrop. Several roads are branch off from the backbone road. Each may reads you the photogenic subjects. Next to the "Chiyoda no oka", main road comes from "Sanai no oka" will turn to right, then descends the valley part in which another route is crossing. Again road goes up a hill. You reaches the crossing adjust the Takushinkan museum.

Another hill located in the west side of Furano line called "Shin ei no oka". The road from the red bridge at river Biei meets a branch for over crossing the railway line. Turning here to the right and taking the south direction, You get an approach to "Shin ei no oka". There is a parking for viewing point in “Shinei oka”. Beside there a souvenir shop is existed. Here is superior for seeing sunset with good northwest view. View for another direction going over the Furano line is also good landscape. Most visitors may take a picture of trees lined on the hill.

Winter landscape of pine trees on the Shinei no oka．

Shikisai no oka: Japanese word shikisai means color, although uses with scholarly terms like as chromatic. Since pronunciation is same as shiki which means four seasons. A hill named by conjuncture of these two words may indicates color of seasons. Field of Shikisai no oka covers top of a hill located in south part of Biei. A farmer field owner has started unified planting of flowers on the each section of his field. Colorful scenery of garden makes new tourist attraction of Biei.

Hill around the north west direction from Biei station is well known with name "Hokusei no oka". White piramid shape observation deck is stood. There are several trees stood on the flat landscapes of the hill provide the photogenic subjects for visitor. An elm tree near the deck called "Ken to Mery no ki" is most popular sightseeing spot of Biei, It might be even in all over the Hokkaido area.

Niseko is located about two and a half hours drive from Sapporo or about two hours from Chitose. Niseko is an increasingly popular destination for powder hungry skiers and boarders, and nearly alone among Japan's ski resorts is starting to draw increasing numbers of overseas visitors as well. Niseko is highly favoured by Australians, and increasingly Chinese and Japanese as well.

Niseko is situated between two mountains, Yotei-zan to the east and Niseko Annupuri to the west. The Matsukari River encloses the town to the north. There are two main train stations, Niseko station and Hirafu station. One of the larger and more popular sections of the skiing area is Mt Hirafu, however many times it may be more convenient to catch a train to Niseko Station and get a bus from there. Niseko can definitely be called the sports capital of Hokkaido. During the winter Niseko is a ski / snow boarders paradise with large amounts of some of the best quality snow in the world falling. Also on offer are ice-climbing, snowshoeing and dog sledding trips. During the late spring, summer and autumn Niseko is a hiking and rafting mecca for nature lovers. This period also offers canoeing, kayaking and camping opportunities. Niseko is also very popular throughout the year for its large number of onsens (hot spring baths).

Furano

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Furano is known as "Heso no Machi" (the Belly Button Town) due to its central location. Furano's inland location that ensures amazingly light snow, great weather conditions, beautiful scenery and perfect farming conditions as well as some wonderfully unique festivals. There is a very large temperature variation, so a light jacket is recommended even in the summer. Summer midday temperatures may exceed 30 degrees C, and midwinters will drop below -30. Furano has very heavy snowfall in the winter. The weather patterns ensure long warm days in summer and cool days throughout spring and autumn, not to mention 8 to 9 metres of light snow fall each ski season. Long blue-sky days allow great views from the ski hill of the smoke that spirals up from the volcano across town the valley. Anyone from families to beginner and high intermediate skiers easily fall in love with the ski area, its long groomed runs and the fantastic views.

Furano’s location results in very little wind on most days. This has enabled the area to become popular for hot air ballooning with flight days being an incredible 80% during February and March and most mornings and afternoons throughout the non winter months due to the great conditions. It was Furano’s location which provided the inspiration for a local to come up with the idea of a Bellybutton Festival which is held July 28 & 29 each year. The first Bellybutton Festival was not a huge success, as it attracted a mere 11 dancers some 40 years ago, but has grown into a massive festival for the town. Now, the locals have truly embraced the image and you are likely to come across locals with their shirts off and a face painted with their breasts as eyes and the bellybutton as the mouth during the summer.

The town’s location allows the local wineries and vineyards to grow delicious grapes and produce mouthwatering wines. Furano Winery produces delicious wines with full body reds and ice wines being their specialties. The cold night temperatures and long sunny days provide the perfect environment for local agriculture. Each year, Furano hosts a hilarious wine festival where the locals and tourists get together to drink, eat, dance and sing. This festival is a great way to see the creativity and effort the locals put into making sure Furano is an enjoyable place to live as well as to visit.

PLACES WE SHOULD VISIT….

Furano Winery // Furano Winery gives travelers the chance to visit a real working winery which bottles a wide variety of delicious wines grown right here in this region. The winery is located by a lavender farm and in amongst rows of grape vines over looking Furano with a view all the way to Mt. Tokachidake and Mt. Furanodake. Guests are able to sample the wines after watching the bottling process. There are a number of wines available for sale here along with wine and Furano related products.

Furano Grape Juice Factory // The idea of producing fine grape juice was adopted from the process of manufacturing wine. The pure juice is made from fresh grapes which grow in the grape fields behind the factory. There are videos and panel displays which explain the process. You can also watch at the bottling and inspecting of the juice through windows. Try a sample of their juice. You will love the 100% pure taste of fine grape juice. Admission is Free!

Furano Cheese Factory // Furano Cheese Factory is a large factory which produces a number of delicious cheeses along with cheese and dairy related products. There are about 8 different varieties of ice cream including some distinct must try flavours such pumpkin, cheese and asparagus. No one can drink Furano milk without commenting on the flavour and richness. You can witness the production of the cheeses from behind some large windows looking into the factory and then even partake in a butter making lesson. The factory has a large area for relaxing, eating and playing around outside on the grass under the trees and around the old tractor. Travellers of all ages enjoy the cheese factory, its food and drinks, and the lessons and fun to be had here.

Ningle Terrace // Also known as “Ninguru Terrace” is a beautiful collection of boutique cottages, housing specialty arts and crafts along with their creators. The creators sit there in the shops displaying and making more of their products as you wander around. Located just below the New Furano Prince Hotel, Ningle Terrace has been created using natural materials with timber buildings and a beautiful plank walkway around the waterfalls and trees. The forest gives off a beautiful scent with pine trees and the waterfall creating a wonderful atmosphere for wandering around or stopping in the café. The café serves a range of products including hot and cold drinks, baked milk, cakes and cheese platter and some delicious ice creams. With winter comes a stunning blanket of soft white snow which lines the walkways and leaves huge snow hats on the cottages and snow mushrooms on the trees. Ninguru Terrace is a different experience again at night with the walkways and buildings lined with fairy lights. Ninguru Terrace is the perfect place for wandering around and enjoying the sightseeing and beauty, or for getting some perfect souvenirs with a touch of nature and Furano.

Anpan Man Shop // Anpan Man is a famous Japanese cartoon character who has been loved and cherished by generations of Japanese. He is a character, which to put it simply, fights bad guys and helps the good guys. It is not as simple as that though. He is based on a bread roll stuffed with red beans and helps people who are in trouble by feeding them, wait for it, his head. The show features a whole cast of funny (and delicious) characters from Curry Pun Man and Dirty Jam Man to Bread Loaf Man and Bowl of Rice and Fried Stuff Man. The shop has an art gallery above it and the products which are on sale and the memorabilia placed around the shop make it an interesting and fun filled sightseeing spot.

Furano Jam Factory // Located right near the Anpan Man shop in Rokugo, Auntie’s Jam Shop has over 40 varieties of delicious homemade jam. The handmade jams are made from just about every fruit and vegetable you could imagine or have heard of. The jams are all available for tasting with little pieces of bread provided. There are chutneys and a number of sauces also available. At the Jam Factory guests are able to partake in a jam making lesson. Instructors’ help guests make their own jam and teach them the steps to creating their own flavours. You can then take this home as the perfect souvenir.

Furano Ropeway (Cable Car) // It is open throughout the year. During the winter you can experience some of the best skiing and snow in all of Japan here. The ski season generally runs from about November 20th to May 8th. During the summer and autumn months you can use the Ropeway to float above the beautiful colours of the forest and the mountain. From the top you can access a number of well kept hiking trails. The summer sightseeing ride costs around 1,800 YEN for a return ride.

Goto Sumio Museum // Goto Sumio is one of Japan’s most famous and influential artists with his works being inspired from all over the world. Goto Sumio spent his childhood growing up in his hometown of Chiba. He is the son of the chief priest of a Buddhist Temple and began painting from a young age. From his early days, he often traveled to Hokkaido to sketch or paint the amazing landscape of this area. This Museum hosts many of Goto Sumio’s finest works with some of the larger pieces comprising 10 panels and extending to 9m in length and 2m in height. All his works, both small and large, give the viewer an incredible look into the subject of the painting. Goto Sumio often depicts sceneries of ancient cities like Nara or Kyoto in cycles of the four seasons. Another group of his paintings represent landscapes and people’s lives in China. The nature of Hokkaido is also one of his favourite subjects. Those works are painted with a touch of affection and religious solemnity.

Rokugo-no-mori Forest // This place became well known by the very popular TV drama " Kita-no-kuni Kara" which was written by Kuramoto So. Through the drama, the viewers were always impressed by the great nature of Furano. The Rokugo-no-mori Forest was named after the drama. There are still some things left over from the filming of the drama such as the log cabin. This is a great spot for enjoying an unspoiled nature. You can also check out the log cabin "Goro-no-ie" or the forest photo gallery "Morino Shashinkan".

Goro’s Stone House // The famous long running drama, ‘From The Northern Country’ used this stone house as the main set for the show. The rocks and all the materials used in the construction were taken directly from the surrounding mountains. The stone house is a completely self sufficient country house with a windmill, and small farm with some animals. By looking through this area you can soon see why the show maintained such huge popularity for 18 years.

Ryounkaku Onsen // Located at the highest driveable point in Hokkaido, Tokachi Mountain at KamiFurano. The outdoor pool offers a spectacular view of the mountains and the Tokachi-Dake volcano. Accommodation is also available.

Hakuginso Onsen (Mt. Tokachidake, Kamifurano) // Hakuginso Onsen offers a great variety of indoor and outdoor natural hot spring baths as well as a rare mixed male-female bathing area (swim wear required).

Asahi-ga-oka Koen // This is where you will enjoy one of the superb views of Japan. This park is located on a hill so that you can look at the mountain ridges or look down upon the cities. In the spring time, 3,000 cherry trees will blossom and the park will be covered by its marvelous pink color.

Torinuma Koen Park // This is a primeval forest park. There is a mysterious pond which is located in a very quiet place where birds rest their wings. In May, the Japanese skunk cabbages will be in full bloom. People who love the outdoors will gather together here to enjoy the view.

Choei Lavender Farm & Naka-Furano Flower Park // Located directly across the valley from the smoking volcano, Mt. Tokachidake, this beautiful lavender and flower farm is certainly worth the visit. You can ride the ski lift up the hill over the lavender fields and look at the amazing views from this vantage point.

Highland Furano’s Lavender fields // The main lavender season is from July to August. Highland Furano is located just outside Furano. You can take a look at the largest lavender fields close to the city from its outdoor hot spring. There is a nice hot spring located above the lavender fields where you can have a sauna and a hot bath.

Furano Ski Resort // This international class ski resort has hosted the World Cup Skiing Competition 10times and the World Cup Snowboarding Competition. The resort offers slopes for all levels of skiers. Snowboarders are also welcomed. The ropeway can hold up to 101 passengers and it the fastest of its kind in

Japan

. It also operates in the off-season.

Jun and Yui's Recycled House // A popular location used as the set for the TV drama "Kitano Kuni Kara" where you can see unique ideas shown in the Recycled Houses.16.5km from JR station

Farm Tomita // One of Hokkaido’s premier flower farms. Originally a simple lavender farm, today the farm has expanded to include a number of large fields of various flower types, including Poppies, French Marigolds, and many more. The most famous image of the farm is that of the ‘rainbow field’ created by planting rows of different flowers along the gentle rolling hills. The image is unforgettable and each year visitors come to photograph the fields made famous by their use in a nation wide Japan Rail calendar. Along with the fields, the farm has cafes, ice cream venders selling delicious lavender ice cream, gift shops, a dried flower shop and a potpourri shop. Farm Tomita is free to enter and you can wander around at your own pace. The weather for photography is often best very early in the morning when you will find the keenest of flower enthusiasts enjoying the beauty of the farm. Farm Tomita has a green house, which offers guests blossoming flowers throughout the year. This, along with the gift shops and potpourri house, make Farm Tomita an all year round attraction.

Kanno Farm // A vivid flower field can be seen when it leaves a bibausi station to Route 237. A poppy and a Lavender put it on autumn from early summer, and a flower blooms. It is in the course of the sightseeing bus as well recently, and always crowded with many visiters.

Abashiri

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Abashiri is well known for fishing, especially crabs, and its prison history which has been a central part of the town since the Meiji Era and the old Abashiri Prison is among others. The area is also visited by thousands of tourists each year keen to see the floating sea ice. Abashiri is the southern most limit of this spectacular event and is also a stepping point to the World Heritage Listed, Shiretoko National Park. Abashiri city is enclosed by the Okhotsk Sea to the north and Lake Abashiri to the south. The main train station is located to the west of the central part of town but almost in the middle of the main tourist attractions. Abashiri River divides the town into two halves with the main area on the southern side of the river and the prison and fishing areas on the northern. Mt Tento rises to the south of the station and is home to the Abashiri Prison Museum, the Hokkaido Museum of Northern Peoples and Mt Tento Tent Land car camping area.

Abashiri is popular in the winter as it is the southern limit of the drift ice coming down from China and Russia, however the winter temperatures can easily reach -15°c and more. Abashiri is approximately 350 km from Sapporo and it takes about 5 hours by train to reach JR Abashiri Station from JR Sapporo Station or about 45 min by aircraft from New Chitose Airport. The Abashiri Tourist Information Center conveniently adjoins the JR Abashiri Station and offers a wide range of information on the city and also the surrounding Okhotsk area. Pamphlets and other tourist information is available in several languages including English, Korean and Taiwanese.

PLACES WE SHOULD VISIT….

Abashiri Art Museum // Displayed in the museum are many works by Kaichi Igushi, a well known artist from the Abashiri area. Many of the exhibits reflect scenery from the surrounding Okhotsk Plains. Other exhibitions are held at irregular intervals.

Abashiri Municipal Museum // This museum was designed to help educate people about the local Abashiri area and as such has materials relating to the people and the development of the area. Exhibits include items from the Moyoro Shell Mounds, Edo period industrial and fishing equipment and other assorted artifacts.

Abashiri Prison Museum // In use from 1890 up until about 1984 and located on Mt Tento, this ex-prison which was moved from it’s previous location and reconstructed here, has been preserved in almost it’s original form. It has been converted into a museum, the only one of it’s kind in Japan. It is possible to see how the prisoners lived and worked in the prison confines. The actual detainee housing areas are also still intact and can be seen. The museum has various displays to show aspects of daily prison life, has wax dummies to give a better picture of the prisoners themselves and also displays some of the shackles and chains that were used.

Abashiri Prison // The current Abashiri Prison is well known throughout Japan as the setting for a hit TV series known as “Abashiri Bangaichi” (Exile in Abashiri). It is possible to take photos in front of the prison and there is also often a small stall with goods produced by the inmates, however since this is a real prison operated by the Kushiro Law Department inside visits and photos are strictly prohibited.

Ice Breaking Ships // During the cold winter, fresh water from the China-Russia border area freezes when it hits the chilly ocean. This ice then moves south toward Japan eventually reaching Hokkaido. There are various boats to take when wanting to view the ice floes but two of the more well known boats are the “Garinko” in Monbetsu and “Aurora” in Abashiri. The Garinko is fully equipped with an ice crusher on the bow and thus can make trips through the whole ice season the Aurora however sometimes cannot break the ice during the peak season but operates most of the time. There are also sea eagles and seals that follow the ice and they can sometimes be spotted from the boat. Cruises usually last for about an hour. These cruises are very popular and thus it is usually essential to make bookings in advance.

Moyoro Shell Mounds // While Hokkaido’s native Ainu culture has been well documented and many museums set up showing their artifacts, little is known about the Moyoro culture. Excavation work along the banks of the Abashiri river in 1913 revealed a distinct culture thought to have inhabited the area some 1000 years ago. Pit-house dwellings and other artifacts, including bones and earthenware, related to this mysterious culture are on display.

Okhotsk Drift Ice Museum // This museum has been built at the top of Mt Tento with a view beautiful 360°view over the Okhotsk Sea and the surrounding area. Extremely popular in winter with visitors wanting to get a view of the drift ice coming down from the north, it is also quite popular in the summer as it houses a drift ice museum where visitors can enjoy the ice year round in the -15°C cooling room. There are large interactive displays which give information about the ice and the animals that life on or around the ice flows. There is also a viewing platform built at the top of the tower area.

Shiretoko National Park // Taking up most of Shiretoko Peninsula, Shiretoko National Park was World Heritage Listed in July 2005. The area is comprised of pristine, almost untouched, wilderness with steep mountains, small lakes and a wide variety of animals, including bears, foxes and other mammals and many birds including sea eagles. The area is also well known for its beautiful waterfalls, some of which flow directly into the sea of Okhotsk and can be viewed from sightseeing boat which departs from the port of Utoro. One of the famous waterfalls is called “Maiden’s Tears”. This waterfall is produced from warm water and thus steams as it falls. The lake area has a walking track and can be finished in about one (1) to two (2) hours. There is also cave Makkausu which was formed by seawater erosion. Inside the cave is a special type of luminous moss. The winter also often sees the area surrounded by floating ice.

Peoples of the North Museum // This museum was built as a dedication to people living in northern areas from around the world. The architecture of the building is interesting and is built to reflect the tent styles of accommodation that many northern people used. The museum houses a variety of objects and artifacts from various parts of the world. There are also interactive displays which are designed to help guide visitors through the museums exhibits and many of these displays are also in English.

Mt. Tento Tent Land // As the name suggests, this area is dedicated to those who would like to spend a night or two camping in the surrounds of a Prefectural Park area. The site is set up for car camping with vehicle facilities, lodges, and a central lodge with amenities. It is located on the southern side of Mt Tento and has views of the Okhotsk Sea, Mt. Daikan and the Shiretoko Mountains.

Kushiro

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Kushiro is known as the “City of Mist” and this is certainly true a lot of the time when the city is blanketed in a thick mist causing much of the city to disappear. The city has flourished as a port city and is home to one of Japan’s largest fishing fleets. It is also bordered by the world famous Kushiro Marsh in the city. Apart from the Marsh area Kushiro is also a gateway to the beautiful Akan National Park, Akkeshi Hokkaido Natural Park, Notsuke / Furen Hokkaido Natural Park and Hokkaido’s most eastern city Nemuro. A famous Japanese poet by the name of Takuboku Ishikawa was also from Kushiro.

The main train station is situated roughly in the center of the city and offers a central location from which to explore the city and surrounds. Most of the tourist destinations are however somewhat removed from the central area and it will be necessary to catch buses to the the best sights. Most buses can be caught at or near the station area. The main entertainment and shopping area is located left (upon exit) of the station toward the river. This area is home to plenty of bars and restaurants of which the seafood restaurants and sushi shops are highly recommended. Kushiro is known as one the the colder cities in Hokkaido and even in summer temperatures rarely climb above 25°c. In winter temperatures drop to about -10°c and strong winds can often be experienced.

PLACES WE SHOULD VISIT….
Fisherman's Wharf (MOO) // Developed in 1989, this wharf area, which goes by the local name of “MOO”, has shops, restaurants, a fitness club, an indoor garden and a pool. There are also stops for busses which depart to Lake Akan, Abashiri, Nemuro, Obihiro and Sapporo. The area is generally lively with locals and tourists alike enjoying the center. Also of interest nearby is the “EGG” which is an all year greenhouse designed to give people a chance to rest and relax and enjoy the sun even during the bitter Kushiro winter. The greenhouse is designed to reflect the shape of a giant yacht in fitting with its location near the wharf.

Nusamai Bridge // Located not far from Fisherman's Wharf (MOO), the Nusamai Bridge measures 124 m in length and was completed in 1976. The current bridge is the fifth after others were destroyed by floods or replaced due to age. The bridge has sculptures representing the four seasons adorning it’s handrails along the way and is considered one of the most beautiful bridges in Hokkaido. The sculptures were produced by well known Japanese artists Shin Hongo and Churyo Sato. It is also lit by old style lamps which gives the bridge a romantic European feel at night. The bridge is particularly popular at sunrise and sunset when the lighting and mist combine to create the most romantic feel.

Harutori Park & Lake Harutori // The park and lake area make a great place to relax or go for walks during the summer. The lake is about 5 km in circumference and goes to a maximum depth of about 6 m. It is also of interest as there is a special type of fish, the Red Crucian Carp, which inhabits this lake. This fish is a rare species and has been designated a National Monument. Kushiro is also the only city in Japan that has a lake within its borders. In the park there is also the Kushiro City Museum a nature observation center and the remains of an Ainu fort called “Charankechshi”

Kobunkan (Port Museum) // This museum was constructed inside the renovated former offices of the Kushiro Shimbun (Kushiro Newspaper). When first constructed in 1908, this building was the first brick building constructed in Hokkaido. A famous Japanese poet by the name of Takuboku Ishikawa worked here for about 3 months when he was young. Some of his work along with other historical artifacts of the region are on display.

Kushiro City Marsh Observatory // This observatory, built in 1984, gives a view over the top of almost the entire Kushiro Marshland area. The observatory was built with the theme of “Tussock Grass” which is a special type of grass found in the marsh. Inside visitors will find various displays about the fauna and flora in the marsh. There are also information display boards on the observation deck that show areas where prehistoric artifacts were found and wildlife sanctuaries are located. Starting from the observatory there is also a 2.5 km walkway which takes visitors for a tour around the marsh and has various other view points along the way.

Kushiro City Museum // The Kushiro City museum was designed to reflect the image of a Japanese crane spreading it’s wings. The museum houses a great variety of exhibits in natural history including various birds, insects, fish and local mammal species. There is also a reconstructed mammoth skeleton, carnivorous marshland plants, displays on prehistoric human life and a collection of Ainu materials. There is also a small model of Kushiro showing some of the historical places and important breeding grounds for the local fauna. There is some English information and the staff will also try to answer any questions you may have.

Kushiro City Zoo // This zoo was established in 1975 and is the second largest zoo in Hokkaido. The cool climate of Kushiro lends itself well to the keeping of more northern animals and several successful breeding programs have been established for rare and endangered species. The zoo is located near the Kushiro Marsh area and makes a nice day out for the whole family.

The Kushiro marshland // It is a home to more than 2000 species of precious plants and wildlife. It is a breeding ground for some of Japan’s endangered and rare species. The National Park Marshland area designated in 1987 covers some 26 861 ha. which accounts for approximately 60% of Japanese marsh area. The park was also the first in Japan to be designated under the special convention known as the Ramsar Convention for wetland protection. Types of animals living here include Hokkaido deer, Japan’s largest freshwater fish known as Hunchen, Siberian salamanders, white-tailed sea eagles and Japanese cranes. There have also been artifacts and items from the prehistoric age discovered here. There are several options for viewing the park including canoe rides, hot air balloon rides and even Japan’s slowest train which takes visitors for a ride around the park. For the more active there are also several wooden walkways which allow visitors to get close up views of many parts of the park.
These walkways are through the marsh area so there are huge numbers of bugs and insects. YOU WILL NEED INSECT REPELANT TO ENJOY THE WALK. Also, although rare, bears do sometimes wander into this area. Stay alert and at times make a little noise by talking loudly to prevent problems.

Marine Topos Kushiro // Kushiro is well known for cold weather, mist and fishing. Huge amounts of Japan’s sea food and sea products are produced in Kushiro. This museum was built to display and promote Kushiro’s fishing industry and all things fishing in general. The city is proud of its fishing heritage and one of the largest fishing fleets in Japan moored here.

Tsurui / Itoh Japanese Crane Sanctuary // This sanctuary was established by the Wild Bird Society of Japan at what is known as the Itoh feeding station. In 1987 they built a small Nature Center for observing and studying the Japanese crane and this area then became known as the Ito Japanese Crane Sanctuary. On the first floor is an observation room and the second houses a study and information room. The winter season brings some 200 plus birds to the sanctuary.

Tsurumidai Plain (Tsurui Village) // In about 1963, Shimosetsuri Primary School students started to feed Japanese cranes during the harsh winter season when food for the birds was scarce. This school was closed in 1974 and moved to a different location however their crane legacy continues due to the kindness of local towns people supported by various organisations. They took over the feeding of the cranes and the birds now regularly flock here for the winter and also sometimes even in the summer. The winter season is best to view the birds with over 100 now making regular winter visits.

Yonemachi Park // Yonemachi Park and the observation tower (shaped like a small light house) located in the park, give a panoramic view of Kushiro City and surrounding area and on good days as far as the Akan Mountains. It is a small park but a great place to take a rest with a nice view. Located in the park there are also several monuments to various people of note from the Kushiro area. Among these, visitors can find a stone monument to the famous poet Takuboku Ishikawa. The monument has one of his famous poems written on it.

Obihiro

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Obihiro is located approximately three and a half hours (3.5 hrs) drive east of Sapporo City. Because of its location almost in the middle of the Tokachi Sub-Prefecture, the city makes an excellent base from which to explore central parts of the Eastern Hokkaido areas. City is bound on two sides by the Tokachi River to the north and the Satsunai River to the east. Obihiro is also home to Hokkaido’s Hot Air Balloon Festival held during the summer. The main train station is the JR Obihiro Station which is located roughly in the center of the main area of the town and also houses the Tokachi Coordination Center and the Tokachi Tourism Information Center on the second floor. The city extends on all sides of the train station with the major shopping and entertainment area located to the north / north-east of the station and the wonderful Midorigaoka Park located to the south / south-west. Obihiro ranges from a hot +30°C in the summer months to very cold -20°C in the winter months. The summer period will see quite strong sunlight and precaution for your skin is advised. Although Obihiro experiences a very cold winter there can still be many clear days during this season.

PLACES WE SHOULD VISIT….

Hokkaido Obihiro Museum of Art // This museum is located in the large Midorigaoka Park. The permanent exhibition centers on works produced by artists who have been associated with the Eastern Hokkaido area. The museum also houses a collection of modern and contemporary block prints. The museum holds special exhibitions at irregular intervals throughout the year.

Obihiro Centennial Memorial Hall // This museum has a permanent exhibition which centers around artifacts from the prehistoric era to the present day of the Tokachi region. It also houses interesting artifacts related to the Tokachi areas agricultural and natural history.

Manabe Garden // This huge, exquisitely presented garden makes a wonderful place to rest and relax during the warm summer months. The garden houses both a European and Japanese style garden with various lengths of walking paths through it. There are plenty of benches on which to sit and rest along the course of the paths. Contained in the garden area are several ponds with carp and other fish, a lovely coffee shop, Japanese tea house and an eight (8) meter waterfall.

Kofuku station // This station became famous with its catchphrase, “From the country of love to Kofuku.” Its wooden station, wooden platform and its two diesel cars are preserved on display. “Tickets to Kofuku,”are still very popular as a passport to happiness! The “Kofuku’s station happy ceremony” is held from late April to late September every year. Visit here to make many wonderful memories!

Midorigaoka Park // This recreational park is for all of the citizens and visitors of Obihiro. It has Green Park (with a 400m long bench to sit on), Hokkaido Obihiro Museum of Art, Centennial Memorial Hall, Obihiro City Children Hall, the Wild Flower Garden, the Park golf course and much more in this vast 50 ha area of Obihiro.

Obihiro Zoo // This is the perfect place to view animals; especially at feeding time. Mr. Naomi Uemura’s memorial hall is within zoo grounds. It exhibits his achievements as a great explorer.

Obihiro Wild Flower Garden // Native wild flowers are growing freely, where visitors and citizens can walk along, observing nature at its best. Hundreds of different kinds of flowers bloom in each season, throughout the 4.3 ha. in Obihiro.

Shichiku Garden Yuge // This 'English'-style garden is where more than 2,000 kinds of seasonal flowers bloom throughout the 5 ha site in Obihiro.

Iwanai Gorge // This is where you can witness the first green of spring and the bright autumnal colors of leaves. You can enjoy the sound of the peaceful stream, the voices of the wild birds and the sight of beautiful flowers. The colors of autumn are vivid, especially from mid October to late November.

Wakkanai

2009-03-22T13:54:00.002+08:00

Wakkanai is the northern most city in Japan and sits on the Soya Peninsula and is surrounded on three sides by ocean. It is symbolized by it’s Greek style sea wall which is one of the places to visit in Wakkanai. The city is also known as the “Windy City” because of the almost constant breeze blowing through due to the surrounding ocean. Wakkanai takes up most of Cape Noshappu with the other half of the city stretching out to Cape Soya. The main train station is located almost in the center of the city with the downtown area snaking along the coast both north and south of the station. The port facility for transportation to Sakhalin, Rishiri Island or Rebun Island is also just a short walk away. The famous North Breakwater Dome is also just behind this facility. Approximately ten minutes by bus north of the city is the Noshappu lighthouse which is the tallest in Hokkaido. A 20 to 30 minute bus ride will get you to Soya Point the most northern point in Japan. From here on clear days it is actually possible to see Sakhalin (Russian Island), which is just 43 kilometers away.

PLACES WE SHOULD VISIT….
North Breakwater Dome // This unusual sea wall is the symbol of Wakkanai and is located very near the sea terminal for ferries to Sakhalin, Rebun and Rishiri Islands. Named “The North Breakwater Dome”, it is 427 meters in length, has 70 pillars and there is also a walkway inside. The dome was built to protect the port from the strong winds and waves that are almost constant in this area. The dome was used as a pier for boats servicing the islands from 1923 to 1945, and now the dome is a popular tourist attraction and the main area for some of Wakkanai’s yearly events / festivals.

Cape Soya & Wakkanai West Coast // Cape Soya is the most northern point in Japan and is marked by a small monument commemorating the north and the northern frontier spirit. From here, on clear days it is possible to see the Russian Island of Sakhalin which is only 43 kilometers away. Cape Soya is also part of Japanese northern exploration history and a monument to one of Japan’s famous explorers is here. This site is quite amazing and very beautiful. In winter huge ice flows from the north pass by and It is possible to take boat rides on various kinds of ice breakers to enjoy the spectacle more. Located on top of the cape above the area for the most northern pont, there are several monuments and a small lighthouse. One of them is "The Bell for World Peace", which is a replica of the bell situated in the garden in front of United Nations Building in New York City. Another is the “Tower of Prayer”, which was built as a memorial to the passengers of a Korean Airlines flight which was shot down by the Soviet Union just north of the cape. Along the sea of Japan, the coastline running north and south of Wakkanai, is known as “the Wakkanai Western Coast”. This seaside highway which commands ocean views and views of the Rishiri-Rebun-Sarobetsu National Park area is an extremely popular driving course and many motorcycle and car touring groups head this way. From the coastal road it is possible to see Mt. Rishiri Fuji, rising from the sea to a height of 1,721 meters. The national park consists of sand dunes and seasonally changing wild flowers and some magnificent sunsets on good days. A must see for nature lovers.

Wakkanai Airport Park & Recreation Area // The area around Wakkanai’s Airport has been greatly improved and redeveloped over the years. This area is now a large park and recreation area. Inside the park there is a ballpark, a motocross course, a rifle range, a golf course, a small zoo, a rest house, a boardwalk to Meguma Pond, and cabins for overnight camping. There is also access to another large pond known as Ohnuma Pond. This pond is now becoming a regular stopping area for swans and migratory waterfowl and more recently the occasional white-tailed eagle and / or sea eagles. A wild bird observation pavilion has been built to help protect and enhance the area. The birds are most abundant in the spring and autumn.

Wakkanai Park & Central District // Located on the western side of Wakkanai City, Wakkanai Park has several interesting monuments built in it. Monuments include "Hyohsestsu No Mon" or “the Gate to Ice and Snow” which commemorates the former Japanese settlements on Sakhalin before it was ceded to the Russians at the end of WWII. There is also the “Monument to Nine Ladies” which commemorates the nine young female telephone operators who committed suicide at the post office on Sakhalin at the end World War II. Another monument commemorates two sled dogs by the names of Taro and Jiro. These two dogs were used in Japanese Antarctic explorations. The two dogs were abandoned in Antarctica for more than a year and survived the experience. The final monument is located at the highest point in the park and is called “The Wakkanai Centennial Memorial Tower” which commemorates the 100th year since the founding of Wakkanai. The tower commands an excellent 360° panoramic view of Rebun and Rishiri Islands, Sakhalin, and Cape Soya. In winter there is also a ski course here for some winter enjoyment.

Asahikawa

2009-03-22T06:19:00.010+08:00

The Ainu called the Asahi River "Chiu Pet" meaning "River of Waves", but it was misunderstood as "Chup Pet" meaning "Sun River", and so it came to be called Asahi River (Asahi = Morning Sun). Asahikawa is the second largest city in Hokkaido, located almost in the center of Hokkaido, in the shadow of Mt. Daisetsu-san. The main train station (Asahikawa Station) is located right in the center of the city and provides easy access to the central shopping area which runs almost directly north away from the station. There are many shops, department stores, hire car shops in this area. There is also an information office located in the left wing of the station, with various English pamphlets and booklets. There are about 130 rivers and streams including the Ishikari River and Chūbetsu River, and over 740 bridges in the city. Many people travel to Asahikawa to see the now quite famous and ever expanding Asahiyama Zoo (Asahiyama Doubutsu-en). The zoo is located in the north-east of the city and takes about 10 min. by car or bus. Asahikawa is the coldest city in Japan, holding Japan's temperature record of -41°C. It's not that bad most of the time though, and the good side to cold and snow is that there's some great skiing nearby. Please be mindful of the time of year you are visiting and bring appropriate clothing.

PLACES WE SHOULD VISIT….

Asahiyama Zoo // The most northern in Japan and houses a huge number of animals across a wide range of species. Some of the most popular exhibits are the polar bear house where it is possible to see the animals very close up through glass walls (This exhibit is particularly good at feeding time, but be sure to arrive early!). The penguin pool contains a 360° see through walk-way running through the middle of the pool. The seal house has a similar see through area. The large cat house allows visitors to see the animals close up through glass walls. Monkey mountain and the orangutan tower are also popular. There is a farm animal petting area for kids and also a small roller coaster. The zoo is open all year however many animals may be hibernating or closed indoors during the winter season.

Asahikawa Sculpture Museum // Housed inside a beautiful old western-style officers club, known as Kaikosha, which was built at the end of the Meiji era, this museum was built to honor a sculpture closely associated with Asahikawa, Teijiro Nakahara. The museum has various displays from modern sculptors from both Japan and abroad.

Banei Horse Racing // The Asahikawa Horse Race Track is home to a unique Japan only race, banei horse racing. Banei or draft horses are huge when compared to their thoroughbred companions (almost twice the size and weight). This race involves the horses pulling heavy sleighs ranging in weight from 500 to 1000 kgs. The course also includes two large mounds the horses must negotiate. The race was developed from old competitions between first settlers some 200 years ago.

Clark Horse Garden // For those who like a little adventure or would like to see the surrounding area of Asahikawa from a different perspective Clark Horse Garden is the ideal place to start. Located just a few minutes from the Asahiyama Zoo, horse rides of different types and lengths are offered. Beginners are welcomed as are more experienced riders. The horse trekking course takes visitors into the Sakuraoka Hill area where some beautiful scenery can be enjoyed. Horse trekking is offered all year round with summer and winter rides. There is also a coffee shop which serves various meals and drinks.

Heiwa Dori Shopping Street // Running directly away in a north-east direction from Asahikawa Station for about 15 blocks, Heiwa Dori Shopping Street is a wide pedestrian shopping fair, which is home to most of Asahikawa’s large department stores and brand name shops. The street is almost always teeming with people even during the harsh winter but is particularly busy in the summer when markets, fresh fruit and vegetable stalls and various other novelty shops will come outside to enjoy the summer. The street is also lined with various sculptures of interest that have been produced by some of Asahikawa’s well known artists. This shopping street is also located next to the famous Asahikawa entertainment area called Sanroku.

Hokkaido Asahikawa Museum of Art // Located in the south west corner of Tokiwa Park, the museum has a permanent exhibition of woodwork created in the Asahikawa area. Other regularly changing exhibitions are also on display at various times of the year. Exhibitions included Japanese and foreign art works and various exhibitions of famous writers from the central Hokkaido region.

International Dyeing & Weaving Art Museum // Displaying works from more than 80 countries around the world this museum was the first of it’s kind in Japan. The majority of exhibits are from the 18th and 19th centuries and include a variety of famous tapestries and textiles. Examples of such works include the “Gobelin Tapestry” which was commissioned by Louis XV as a gift to the French Royal family and red dyed textiles from the Tang Dynasty in China.

Sanroku Entertainment Area // Much like Sapporo’s Susukino entertainment area, this area is conveniently located next to the main down town area, less than 5 min. walk in a north-west direction from JR Asahikawa Station. Covering about 12 blocks and containing more than 1,300 bars, restaurants, clubs and cocktail bars Sanroku is definitely the center for nightlife in Asahikawa. Restaurants and entertainment facilities cater to any kind of budget ranging from the cheap to the extremely expensive. Specialties in this area are the sushi and crab shops however many other kinds of food can be found. There is a summer festival held in this area each year which brings out the Asahikawa residents for fun times and street parties.

Snow Crystal Museum // Featuring a covered passageway with natural ice moldings and a painted dome entitled “Northern Sky” (Kita no Sora) the museum houses a music hall where various concerts and weddings are held and an ice cloister. The beauty and mystery of snow and ice are the themes for all the types of displays and projections throughout the museum.

Taisetsu Crystal Hall // It was built in 1993 and contains three facilities, a concert hall, a historical museum and an international convention hall. The theme of the permanent exhibition at the museum is “The Relationship Between Humans and Nature” . The museum houses various materials used by humans since the prehistoric ages. It also contains interesting material on the local area of Asahikawa and the Ainu people.

Tokiwa Park (Tokiwa Koen) // This park is located in the midst of the down town area and provides a lovely place to relax after a hard day sightseeing or shopping. The park contains poplar trees, elms and Sakhalin firs. There is a large pond (Chidoriga Pond) in the center where visitors can enjoy row boating or simply watch the birds. Also contained within the park is a Youth Science Center, River Amusement Museum Public Hall, Central Library and the Hokkaido Asahikawa Museum of Art.

Yukaraori Folkcraft Museum // Yukaraori fabrics were first created in Asahikawa and have gained worldwide recognition for their beauty and detail. The fabrics are woven in traditional styles using traditional patterns and themes. Many themes of these exquisite fabrics are based on the nature of Hokkaido itself, such as “Drift Ice” and “Rugosa Rose”. Several masterpieces that were created over long periods with painstaking detail are on display along with many other examples.

Romantic Road (Plane tree avenue and Church) // An avenue from forest of Kaguraoka to the residential area of Midorigaoka is romantic avenue, it is also called "plane tree street". The tree tops from both side overlaps mutually, it changes like it were green tunnel for 2.8 km. On the road side there are British style Gothic architectural churches, stylish french restaurants and cafes. Walking in the street in the sunshine through the leaves, it feels like walking in the foreign country.

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Muroran

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Located in southwestern Hokkaido, on a peninsula at the entrance to Uchiura Bay, Muroran runs along the coast and takes up most of the peninsula area. The southwestern coast of the peninsula is formed of huge 100 m cliffs and faces Uchiura Bay, while southeastern coast of the peninsula faces the Pacific Ocean. The sea port which is surrounded by the Etomo Peninsula is located in the eastern part of Volcano Bay. The main train station is located close to the port area and whale watching tours can be booked in this area. Other sites can easily be accessed from the main station or from stations along the JR Muroran line.

PLACES WE SHOULD VISIT .…

Cape Chikyu (Chikyu Misaki - Cape Earth) // Cape Chikyu is located at the southern end of Muroran City and is a beautiful scenic area. Residing on the cape approximately 120 m above sea level, there is a 310 000 candlepower lighthouse, large observatory, hiking trails and parking lots. From the observatory on clear days it is possible to see Mt. Komagatake, Cape Esan, and the Shimokita Peninsula. This area is a particular favorite with Japanese to view the first sunrise of the new year which is considered significant in Japan. Located about halfway along the Cape Chikyu hiking course is Charatsunai Beach which is home to Japan’s only seaweed research facility run by Hokkaido University.

Cape Etomo // Cape Etomo is the ending point to Etomo Peninsula and is home to a seaside park and recreation area. From the peninsula, it is possible to see Mt. Usu, Mt. Showa, Mt. Yohtei, the Oshima Peninsula and Cape Esan. Within the park there is a walking path about One kilometer long. The walking path has a nice view of Hakucho Bridge, Daikoku Island and the sea. This area was also the location of an Ainu fort that was said to be impenetrable due to its system of trenches and location behind the cliffs. However, today all that remains is a monument to the Ainu People.

Dolphin and Whale Watching Tours // Hokkaido is one of the premier areas in Japan to go whale and dolphin watching. Muroran is well situated to view the whales on their annual migration through Volcano Bay. There are plenty of sightseeing boats available during the the summer months from about the end of April to the middle of August.

Itanki Beach // Itanki Beach located along the coast from Muroran is famous for it’s special “singing sand”. The sand makes a very distinct sound when it is walked over. This gives the beach a popular image as being clean. Surfers are also regular visitors to this area as there are many good surf days to be had here.

Kin-Byobu & Gin-Byobu (Gold & Silver Cliffs) // Kin-Byobu is a cliff face located near Cape Chikyu (Chikyu Misaki - Cape Earth). This cliff face is comprised of reddish brown rock that when viewed in the the morning sunshine presents itself in a beautiful golden color. In Japanese it is thought to resemble a golden paper screen, thus gaining it’s name. Similarly, Gin-Byobu is also a large cliff face located at the southern end of Etomo Peninsula which appears silver in the morning light.

Masuichi Beach // Masuichi Beach is located about about halfway between Mt. Sokuryo and Gin-Byobu. It can be reached via the Cape Chikyu sightseeing trail. This area is characterized by unusual rock formations and is also a designated wildlife sanctuary where various species of birds nest (Cuckoos, Falcons and Bush Warblers to name a few.) From the beach area it is also possible to see Mt. Komagatake on the other side of Volcano Bay.

Mt. Muroran Park // Created for the enjoyment of residents and visitors alike this recreational park is situated at the base of Mt Muroran and is at an altitude of over 900 meters. the recreation grounds include an overnight training facility with gymnasium, camping grounds, tennis courts and a park golf course. The area becomes a small ski hill, for beginner to intermediates, during the winter months.

Mt. Sokuryo // Mt Sokuryo was named after it was used as a base point by an American engineer helping to construct roads between Sapporo and Muroran in the 1870’s. The mountain commands an excellent view of the surroundings and has an observation deck on top of it along with several brightly lit transmitter towers. The view takes in Muroran city, Mt. Showa Shinzan, Mt. Usu and Mt. Yotei and is particularly beautiful at night.

Muroran Aquarium // Muroran Aquarium is home to some 4 000 plus specimens (approximately 150 different species) of sea life, kept in 46 tanks. The aquarium has examples of both freshwater and salt water fish and other sea creatures that live in the waters off of Hokkaido and Honshu. There are also other sea animals including seals, penguins and sea lions. There are animal shows and various other facilities to keep everyone in the family happy.

Tokkarisho Scenic Area // This area is famous purely for its natural beauty. The area is comprised of many grass covered cliffs, Itanki Beach and the waters of the Pacific Ocean. The word Tokkarisho is derived from the Ainu language meaning “many stone seal” and indeed some of the rock formations resemble the sea life. The area has been featured as the backdrop to many Japanese television drama and movies.

Hakodate

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Hokkaido's third largest city, located at the island's southern tip. Hakodate is best known for the spectacular views to be enjoyed from Mount Hakodate and its delicious, fresh seafood. After the end of Japan’s long isolationist policy, Hakodate become open to American ships in 1854 and open to general trade in 1858. It is also the site of Japans first western style fort, called Goryoku, built in the shape of a five pointed star. Hakodate also served as the capital of Hokkaido for two years from 1869 to 1871. Although its importance has declined somewhat in recent years, it still serves as a sea port and transit area to the main island of Honshu and also as a trading port to other parts of Japan and the world.

Located on a peninsula with two bays cutting in at each side, the city of Hakodate stretches in a north-west to south-east direction. Hakodate main station and Hakodate pier are both approximately located in the center of the city. Most of the historical sections of the city are near the southern end. Also located at the southern end of the city is Mt Hakodateyama. It rises well above the city and offers a spectacular view over the city and surrounding ocean. It is said to be one of the most beautiful views in the world. The northern area of the city is the most modern area and offers the best shopping. What remains of the first western style fort built in Japan and and the last hold-out of the Tokugawa Shogunate sammurai warriors, named Goryoku fort, can also be seen in this area. Hakodate offers a small tram system and bus network to get around the city. The trams are a very convenient way to see most of the sights in Hakodate and are reccomended.

PLACES WE SHOULD VISIT....
Morning Market // Since the end of Japans isolationist policy and the opening of ports such as Hakodate to foreign trading ships and fishing vessels, Hakodate has had its now famous Morning Market. The market is held daily between 5am and Mid-day near the main train stations west entrance. Many types of fruits and seafood are sold here. Hokkaido crabs and sea urchin are considered among the best in Japan. The are also many seafood restaurants in this area serving fresh, delicious seafood meals. In this area (approximately five minute walk) is the moored Mashu Maru Memorial Ship. Once used as a ferry between the main island of Honshu and Hokkaido it now serves as a great places to relax and have a coffee or meal at the restaurant located near the bow of the ship and gives a nice view of the bay and port area.

Mount Hakodate // Lying at the southern end of the central Hokkaido peninsula Mount Hakodate (Hakodateyama) is 334 meters high and allows a spectacular view of both the city and the Tsugaru Strait. On clear days and especially at night, the view of Hakodate from the mountain is quite amazing and is said to be amongst the three most beautiful views in the world. The cable car connects to an observatory at the top of the mountain. Inside there are souvenir shops, a restaurant with incredible views, and an events hall where monitors play a show about the four seasons of Hakodate. The temperature at the top of the mountain, even in summer, is slightly cool and winds can cause even cooler temperatures. The cable car which holds up to 125 people will depart every ten minutes in peak times. It is possible to drive to the top of the mountain in the warm months after the cable car service has finished operation for the day. (After approximately 10 pm)

Fort Goryōkaku (五稜郭) // Completed in 1864, this was Japan's first Western-style fortress and finished just in time for it to be occupied by the Ezo Republic as their headquarters. It never saw any action though, as the rebels surrendered peacefully. Most of the fort was consequently demolished and this is now a large park and popular cherry-blossom spot in spring. The fort also houses a small museum with exhibits on local history (rotating each year).

Goryōkaku Tower (五稜郭タワー) // From the 90-meter viewing platform you can get a striking view of the star-shaped fort. Neat dioramas tell the story of the the Enomoto and Ezo Republic (see sidebox), and the role of the fort in Hakodate's history; an English pamphlet is available. The views from Goryōkaku Tower is different on each season. In spring, you can enjoy seeing 1,600 cherry blossoms and the view from the tower is a best place to see them. However, it takes at least 3 hours to go up the tower in cherry blossom season because of the crowds. In summer, you can enjoy full green trees, and in fall you can enjoy the changing leaves. In winter, Goryōkaku is covered with snow and is illuminated at night. Adults ¥840, child & group discounts.

Kanemori Red Brick Warehouses // Originally built in 1909 by the Kanemori Beer and Shipping Company, these warehouses were remodeled in 1988 into a beer hall, shopping area and multi use hall. The harbor area and warehouse area a lovely place to spend a relaxing morning or a romantic stroll at night. Try the famous Hakodate beer which has been in production since 1898.

The Motomachi District // The Motomachi District is a beautiful area located between the port area and Hakodate Mountain just five minutes by streetcar from Hakodate main station. This area was favored by early Missions / Consuls and Trading Officers after the opening of Japan to the west. Many of Hakodate's beautiful and important assets can be found in this area. It is highly recommended to take the time to walk through this area to get the best that Hakodate has to offer. However this area is built entirely on hilly terrain and can get quite steep at times.

Old British Consulate (Port Memorial Hall) // The original British Consulate was built for the first English consul to come to Hokkaido in 1859. This structure was destroyed by fire in 1907 and the present building erected. The consulate ceased operation in 1934 but the building was given Municipal Tangible Cultural Property honors in 1979. Inside there are displays on various aspects of Japanese history and English-Japanese relations over the years. There is also a small cafe and a shop where various imported English goods can be purchased.

Old Russian Consulate // The first Russian consul general Goskevich came to his post in Hakodate in 1858. The first Russian consul arrived in Sapporo in 1858, however the current building was not constructed until 1908. This building however was in use as the Russian Consulate until 1944. During the second world war the Japanese government erected a tall wall around the building. The building is still in use as the "Southern Hokkaido Youth House" and as such visitors are not permitted inside.

Russian Orthodox Church // This church was first built in 1861 when Russian Orthodoxy was introduced to Japan by a priest named Nikolai and then rebuilt in 1916. The Byzantine-style Church is also locally known as "Gangan-dera or Ding-Dong Temple" due to the distinctive sounds of the bells.

Yunokawa Onsen // This hot spring area was discovered about 360 years ago and is the oldest hot spring area in Hokkaido. There are many hotels, inns and restaurants situated in this area overlooking the Straits of Tsugaru. It is also a popular swimming spot during the summer. The night scenery can be quite lovely with the lights of the fishing boats reflecting on the water. The spring water is salty but clear and is said to be of great value for your health. There are also some bathing areas for local monkeys where you may take some photos.

Noboribetsu

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Located on the Pacific Ocean side of Hokkaido and close to Muroran, Noboribetsu is one of Hokkaido's most famous hot spring resort areas. It was founded on September 13, 1869, has an approximate population of 54,039 with a total area of 212.11 km2. Noboribetsu is a part of the Shikotsu-Toya National Park.

Noboribestu located directly south of Sapporo city, runs along the coast and is and is surrounded by beautiful forested hills. It has a train station which is located almost in the center of the city, near the ocean and expressway access. The hot spring area is located behind the main area of the town about 10 - 15 minutes by car or bus into the hills surrounding the city. The hot spring resort area boasts 11 different kinds of hot spring baths, and this area also includes Jigokudani (Hell Valley) and the Bear Park. Located a short distance west between Noboribetsu and Tomakamai is the Ainu village in Shiraoi. Noboribestu is also known for various kinds of foods including Cod roe, Salmon roe and Onikama a type of boiled fish paste. Souvenirs include carved wooden bears, carved wooden dolls, and various candies.

PLACES WE SHOULD VISIT....
Cherry Blossoms Avenue // The Japanese love of the cherry blossom continues in Noboribetsu. Best vied in the early spring this street which joins JR Noboribetsu Station to Noboribetsu Hot Spring has been planted with approximately 1000 cherry trees. The coming of the cherry blossom is viewed as the beginning of the end to the long cold winters in Hokkaido. Cherry blossom parties are held almost all week even though it can still be quite cool at night. The cherry blossom season is short lived lasting only for one or two weeks.

Daiichi Takimotokan // With one of Japan’s largest bath complexes and the oldest hotel in the Noboribetsu area Daiichi Takimotokan is a hot spring lovers delight. First established in 1858, the complex now has more than half a dozen modern buildings. Contained within these buildings are various mineral pools, waterfalls, walking pools, cold pools, steam room, and a swimming pool with slide. There are seven different kinds of mineral pools and outdoor and indoor pools.

Jigokudani (Hell Valley) // It's a large crater that was formed by Kuttara volcano about 200,000 years ago. It is 450 meters in diameter and is surrounded by red stone cliffs. Hot steam vents and sulfurous streams pour out from the sides of this red valley area giving it a very hell like appearance. This area is one of the major sources for the Noboribetsu hot springs. There are 11 types of springs and water temperatures can reach more than 100°C. The valley also has many hiking trails through it (and a road) and along one of these trails (also possible to drive to) is the sulfurous pond Oyunuma. There are also some smaller even hotter mud pools nearby.

Lake Kuttara // Located between Noboribetsu City and Shiraoi Town, Lake Kuttara is a beautiful circular crater lake. The lake goes to a maximum depth of about 148 m and has a circumference of approximately 8.5 km. The lake has large, high banks and on this area a rest house with restaurant, take out stand and other facilities / amenities has been built. The lake has previously won an award as the clearest lake in Hokkaido as water is so clear and blue. This area with it’s natural beauty, peace and clean water serves as an excellent place for fishing, row boats and hiking from the spring to autumn months.

Mt. Hiyori // Located to the north of the Oyunuma Marsh area Mt. Hiyori stands some 377 m. above sea level. The mountain is volcanically active and large clouds of white steam and vapor continually pour from its top. Fishermen used to forecast coming weather conditions based upon the amount and direction of this smoke. There is an observation area located across from the mountain on the small road to Oyunuma Marsh. This area gives a good view of the mountain and it is also possible to hear the whistle of the steam as it pours from the top of the mountain.

Mt. Kuma // Known as “Bear Mountain” offers one of the best views in the Noboribetsu region. From the top it is possible to see the Pacific Ocean over JR Noboribetsu Station to the south, Lake Kuttara and Mt. Tarumae to the east, Mt. Hiyorimi and Oyunuma to the north and Funka Bay and Mt. Komagatake to the west. Also known as Shihorei, and as the name suggests, on the mountaintop you will find the Noboribetsu Bear Park as well as a restaurant, a Genghis Kahn corner and Yukara-no-Sato (Noboribetsu Ainu Village). The Mountain top is accessed via ropeway from the Noboribetsu Hot spring area.

Noboribetsu Bear Park // Located at the top of Mt. Kuma or Shihorei is a fenced bear sanctuary where more than 140 bears roam freely. Acces to the bear park is via a 5 min. gondola ride to the top. There are various shows the bears perform and also other animal shows. You can buy bags of cookies to feed to the bears. They will usually wave to you if you give them a cookie or two. Hokkaido has many problems with bears and attacks on people are frequent especially in the spring and autumn months. As a result bears are thought of as being a pest and are often hunted and killed. The sanctuary at Mt. Kuma helps to change the perception of bears to the general public and works toward preservation of the species. There is also a small Ainu village and some relics from the area.

Noboribetsu Date Historical Village // This unique leisure park is made up of various buildings preserved from the Edo period and state-of-the-art 3D theater technology. Fun for all the family buildings to explore include; the house of Masamune Date’s deputy (Kojuro Katakura), the Date Village Theater, “Momiya” or the Sendai Brothel as well as many others. The 3D theater projects fantastic images accompanied by amazing acoustics. Other attractions in the park include; Yokai Bikkuri-goya (goblin surprise cottage) and Fort Ninja.

Noboribetsu Hot Spring // This area is one of Hokkaido’s most popular and well known spa resort areas. The hot spring area boasts 11 different varieties of springs and is particularly well known for its large quantities of water and good spring quality. The hot spring area is located in the tree lined hill area behind Noboribetsu, 200m above sea level and approximately 7 km from JR Noboribetsu Station. It can be reached by car or local bus in about 15 minutes.

Noboribetsu Marine Park // This theme park is modeled after Egeskov Castle in Denmark and designed to project a Scandinavian and European image. The parks main attraction is a marine ecology hall which houses an array of sea life, all of which can be viewed through an underwater glass tunnel. There are various shows with performances by sea lions and dolphins and visitors can also watch the sea otter feeding time. There is also a theater and various restaurants serving Scandinavian food.

Otaru

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Originally named Otarunai ("River of Sands") from the native Ainu language, it was renamed Otaru when development of Hokkaido started in ernest. Located approximately 30 km west of Sapporo on the northern tip of Hokkaido's Shiribeshi district on the Sea of Japan side, it is a harbor and port facility city. During the development of Hokkaido, Otaru experienced a boom as one of the only port facilities in this region and also as a herring fishing area. During this boom period many of the places to visit were constructed. Now Otaru has approximately 146,297 people and was designated as a city on August 1st 1922. Otaru is also known for it’s large variety of fresh, high quality seafood. As such the many Sushi bars (especially on Sushiya street near JR Otaru Station) and local restaurants have become popular for their generous and delicious servings. Other products produced in Otaru include wine, noodles and beer.

Located on the Sea of Japan side of Hokkaido, Otaru covers some 243.13 km2 and stretches around a small section of Ishikari Bay. Otaru is a very hilly city and is surrounded on the three sides by mountains, while the fourth side faces out toward Ishikari Bay. The main train station is located almost in the center of the town and provides easy access to the attractive canal district. This canal runs for a part way through Otaru city and is lined with Western-style buildings from the late Meiji period. There are also gas powered lamps that are lit at night giving a very romantic feel to this area. Within the canal district there are some museums, many of the famous Otaru glass factories, restaurants and shopping markets.

In front of and west of the main train station, Otaru offers a covered mall area and various shopping department stores. Also a huge new shopping complex has been constructed at Otaru Chikko Station. This complex houses a cinema, the Hilton Hotel and a large variety of stores. In font of the complex there is also a marina haboring some of Otaru’s fishing fleet. Otaru is usually reached via Sapporo City. The JR Airport Express runs from New Chitose Airport via Sapporo to Otaru. The Journey is approximately 70 min. from Chitose or about 40 min. from Sapporo on an express train. There are also buses departing from Sapporo Station. It takes about one hour by express bus. A one-way journey from Sapporo costs ¥620 and ¥1 740 direct from New Chitose Air terminal.

PLACES WE SHOULD VISIT....
Ishihara Yujiro Memorial Hall // In commemoration of one of Japans most popular actors and an Otaru citizen, the Ishihara Yujiro Memorial Mall was opened in July 1991. Mr Yujiro Ishihara was a movie star (and singing star) in the fifties and sixties and made more than 30 films. The hall has many of his personal possessions on display and also has screenings of his films and TV shows. He died at the early age of 52 due to liver cancer. His 13th memorial service in 1999 attracted over 170 000 people.

Mount Tengu Ropeway // For the best view of Otaru and the surrounding area of Ishikari Bay and one of the top three best views in Hokkaido head to Mt Tengu Ropeway. The Tengu is a creature with a huge nose. It is said to be lucky if you can pat the Tengu’s nose. The ropeway also gives access to ski areas in the winter. At the top of the ropeway there is a restaurant and souvenir shop.

Music Boxes // Otaru is also well known for it’s music boxes and the Otaru Music Box Museum is well worth a look. The museum, shop and workshop consists of five different buildings all located within a 2 minute walk of each other. The main two museum buildings are the “Otaru Music Box Museum : Main Building” and the “No2. Otaru Music Box Museum : Antique Museum.” The main building displays hundreds of different kinds of music boxes, both large and small. Here with the guidance of staff, you can also build your own music box in about 20 min. (music box must dry for further 30 - 40 min. before you can take it home.) As the name suggests the second museum is full of antique music boxes from the 19th century onwards. There are also rare examples for sale. The last three stores contain a different variety of goods and crafts for purchase. One building is dedicated to animal toys, another to glassware and the final one to music boxes made in the shape of modern characters such as Mickey Mouse, Winnie the Pooh and Hello Kitty etc.

Nishin Goten (Herring Mansion) // Otaru’s herring industry boomed until the late 1950s. The wealth created by these fishermen played a major role in the development of Otaru and its surrounding area. The wealthy fisherman built large residences for living and fish processing. One of these residences and herring processing plants is now a Hokkaido Tangible Cultural Asset. It was the first residential building to achieve such status. The building which was moved from its original place to Otaru, took seven years to build and was completed in 1897. The building has been turned into a museum displaying various tools and artifacts from the period.

Otaru Glassware // Otaru Glassware is also well known throughout Japan and has had a long history. The glassworks originally made lanterns and other products for the first settlers in the region however, as the town expanded and the herring industry sprang to life the focus was changed to making glass buoys. When the herring industry suffered its major decline in the late 1950s the glassworks began producing ornamental pieces for direct sale to consumers and tourists. Today Otaru's glass industry is thriving and many beautiful pieces are on display for pleasure and sale. Some major glassworks are the Kitaichi Glassworks, the Otaru Unga Kogeikan, "The Glass Ship" Warehouse and the Kitaichi Venetian Art Museum. It is possible to “make your own” glass item in some of the glassworks such as ‘The Glass Studio’ and the ‘Otaru Unga Kogeikan’. If you wish to make your own item it is best to make a reservation, especially in summer if you have many people in your group.

Steam Clock // Constructed in 1994, the steam clock in Otaru is the world’s largest and stands 5.5 meters tall, 1 meter wide and weighs 1.5 tons. It is a replica of a clock built by a Canadian horologist Mr. Raymond Sanders in Gastown Canada. The clock uses a steam whistle to toll the hour and plays a tune every 15 minutes. The clock is located in front of the Main hall of the Otaru Music Hall Museum.

Otaru Canal (Otaru Unga) // Used to be a central part of the city's busy harbor in the first half of the 20th century, when large vessels had to be unloaded by smaller ships, which then transported the goods to warehouses along the canal. The canal became obsolete, when modern dock facilities allowed for direct unloading of larger vessels. Thanks to a citizens' movement, however, a part of the canal was beautifully restored in the 1980s instead of being landfilled, while the warehouses were transformed into shops, cafes, museums and restaurants. The canal makes for a pleasant scroll during the day, when various artists present their works to the passing tourists, and it is very romantic in the evening, when the gas lamps are lit.

Sapporo

2009-03-21T01:49:00.012+08:00

Sapporo the capital and largest city of the northern island of Hokkaido, Japan. One of Japan's newest and nicest cities, Sapporo's population has grown from 7 in 1857 to nearly two million today. Being a new city, especially by Japanese standards, means it has little in the way of traditional architecture and the like of cities such as Kyoto. But what it lacks in "Japanese-ness" it makes up for with its lovely open, tree-filled boulevards to enjoy in summer and excellent snow (and facilities to cope with said snow) in the long winter.

The main area of Sapporo City spreads from the newly redeveloped Sapporo station south to Nakajima Park (Nakajima Koen). The vast majority of shops, restaurants and the famous Susukino entertainment area can be found within this area. There are four major department stores Daimaru, Stella Place, Paseo and Seibu located on top of and around Sapporo station. Other major department stores include Robinsons, Mitsukoshi, Parco and Marui.

Sapporo is known as the birthplace of Miso Ramen, a rāmen noodle using miso, and Sapporo Ramen is also widely known. The Kouraku Ramen Meitengai, an alley lined with many ramen restaurants, was established in 1951 in Susukino district, and after its demolition due to plans for the Sapporo Olympics, the Ganso Sapporo Ramen Yokocho was established in the same place. It currently attracts many tourists throughout the year. From the year 1966, a food company named Sanyo Foods began to sell instant ramens under the brand name "Sapporo Ichiban". In 2001, Sapporo Ramen was listed as one of the Hokkaido Heritage along with other ramens in Hokkaido such as Asahikawa Ramen and Hakodate Ramen. On October 1, 2004, The Sapporo Ramen Republic, a theme park focused on rāmens, was opened at the 10th floor of the Sapporo ESTA, a commercial complex located in front of the Sapporo Station. Soup Curry, a liquid curry with vegetables and rice, is also one of the specialties in Sapporo, and currently plenty of soup curry restaurants are located in the cities and towns in Hokkaido. Sapporo Sweets, a confectionery using many ingredients from Hokkaido, is also popular, and the Sapporo Sweets Competition is held annually. A lamb barbecue style dish called jingisukan (named for Ghengis Khan) is another popular local specialty. Sapporo is also famed for fresh seafood, salmon, sea urchin and crab in particular.

There are three main subway lines in Sapporo. The Nanboku line runs North to South and is color coded green. The Tozai line runs East to West and is color coded orange and the Toho line runs somewhat parallel to the Nanboku line and then into the north-eastern suburbs and is color coded blue. There is also a street car or tram running through the south-western area of Sapporo and can be a great way to get a glimpse of some of the outer areas of the city.

PLACES WE SHOULD VISIT.... Sapporo is the capital of Hokkaido and as such offers a number of attractions.
Odori Park // Marks the center of Sapporo and is a beautiful park to visit in the summer and is the area of the world famous Sapporo Snow Festival (Yuki Matsuri) held in February. From this area south, running the length of the street to Susukino entertainment area, there is an underground shopping complex called Pole town. Running directly under Odori Park there is another shopping complex called Aurora Town. These areas are especially useful during winter as you can walk peacefully, well protected from the severe winter weather.

Sapporo Beer Garden // At the same location as the Beer Museum is the Beer Garden, an incredibly popular Genghis Khan (mutton barbeque) restaurant. Even though the dining rooms span three large buildings, come early and expect to wait. The restaurant offers 100 minute all you can eat and all you can drink plans, as well as à la carte food and drink if you'd prefer. WARNING: you should not plan to wear your best clothes, as the atmosphere is incredibly heavy with the scents of cooking meat (plastic coats are provided - seriously)

Susukino Nightlife District // Just south of of Tanukikoji and marked on the corner by the Robinson's Department Store and the massive Nikka Whiskey sign is the Susukino entertainment district. This area stretches for about six blocks north to south and east to west. There are almost 5000 restaurants, bars, cafes, night clubs and hostess bars in this area. It is one of the most famous entertainment areas in Japan and the largest of its kind north of Tokyo. The bars and clubs can range from the cheap to the extremely expensive. This area is crowded most days until the morning hours but particularly so on Friday and Saturday nights. If you wish to find a restaurant on these days try to book ahead or be prepared to wait. If you’re out for a few drinks then consider using one of the “Nomihodai” or all you can drink plans. In Hokkaido these plans are offered at most restaurants and often bars too. For the price of two or three drinks you can consume all you like for a set period of time. Times are generally offered for 30, 60, 90 or 120 minutes. Prices vary from about ¥1000 to ¥3500+ depending on the course chosen and the bar. Many bars and restaurants in this area will be open until very late in the morning or sometimes even 24 hours. Some restaurants may not open their doors until about midnight. Many establishments are closed on Sundays.

Ramen Yokochō (ラーメン横丁) // Also known as Ramen Gai (Ramen Alley). This alley is chock full of ramen shops of all varieties. Get butter corn ramen, crab ramen, and even scallop ramen. Just east of Susukino Station. While many tourists visit the alley, Japanese people come as well - and the experience is very enjoyable. The local specialty is “Miso Ramen”. This narrow alley is wall to wall ramen shops and a great place to try this delicious food. Remember to slurp your noodles as this is considered a compliment to the chef in Japan.

Clock Tower (Tokedai) // Built in 1878 as a drill hall for the Sapporo Agricultural College, it is a two story American style wooden structure housing a clock. Although now dwarfed by the surrounding buildings it is never the less constantly surrounded by Japanese tourists all year round and is the symbol of Sapporo. Renovated in 1998 to house a small museum of local history, it is reported that the Boston made 19th century clock had been so well maintained that not only needed no restoration work but also that the clock has never been late in tolling the hour.

The Sapporo TV Tower // It is the tallest tower in northern Japan and stands 147.2 meters tall. The tower offers an observation deck at the top which can be accessed by elevators and in the summer months even by stairs. The view from the top of the tower is an excellent way to get a general orientation of the city and its surrounding areas. Great views of the snow festival and lighting displays are also to been seen.

Ishiya Chocolate Factory // A 15-20 minute subway ride away from Odori park, the chocolate factory has an incredibly corny, but fun, tour building up to a view of the actual chocolate making floor, and ending with a random toy museum. Also there are two restaurants, a souvenir store, and an hourly robot show complete with annoying music. Famous for its white chocolate, which is sold under the brand "White Lovers" (白い恋人 shiroi koibito), and is only available in Hokkaido

Daimaru Department Store // Conjointly developed along with Stella Place, Daimaru is the newest shopping edition to Sapporo. Built squarely on top of the station area it is a huge department store housing specialty shops and the Dimaru shopping center on 6 levels. It also contains many great restaurants and a huge book store. Shops range from make-up and beauty counters, high end brand name stores (Luis Viton, Bvlgari, Prada etc.) to shoe stores and casual wear.

Stealla Place & JR Tower // Stella Place along with Dimaru Department Store was completed in 2003 and is one of the latest editions to the Sapporo shopping scene. The nine story shopping center consists of two main areas Stella Place Center and Stella Place East. Inside you will find 161 specialty stores and 22 restaurants of varying styles. There is also a cinema on the 7th and 8th floors comprising 12 screens for all the latest movie action. JR Tower is attached to Stella Place and is 38 stories high. Located inside there are varying offices, a medical center, hotel and even a hot spa resort. There is also a wonderful observation deck on the 38th floor which gives a spectacular view of Sapporo. On the observation deck there is a cafe, souvenir shop and a bathroom with a fantastic view. (Sorry boys only!

Apia (Shopping Arcade) // Apia is an underground shopping arcade area with more than 115 stores of differing varieties. The area is divided into “streets” each with a different name to help you with your directions. There is Joyful Walk, Fashion Walk and Harvest Avenue. Stores range from fashion boutiques, accessory shops, souvenir shops to restaurants and cafes. There is also a supermarket and on top of Apia is BIC Camera and Electronics Store. There are also some free seating areas for you to take a break.

Ario Shopping Mall // One of the latest additions to the Sapporo shopping scene is the three story Ario Shopping Center . Built in the grounds of the Sapporo Beer Garden and opened in November 2005, the center houses 113 specialty shops, the Itoyokado Department Store and a public spa and leisure center. Restaurants range from fast food to Japanese style sushi and noodles. There are plenty shops for all the family and also a good import shop which stocks various foreign products from around the globe.

Sapporo Factory // Also constructed in 1876 as part of the Sapporo Beer Breweries enterprise, these large red brick warehouses and factory areas were renovated in 1993 to form the massive shopping and entertainment complex known as Sapporo Factory. There are **** numbers of specialty stores and restaurants. This shopping complex also houses Japans largest indoor park in the massive atrium area of the shopping center. In this area small concerts and various exhibitions and shows are often held. There is also the Universal Cinema 11 movie theater complex which houses an Imax screen and the Nissan Motor Gallery, with some of the latest models of cars on display from the Nissan Motor Company.

Nakajima Koen (Nakajima Park) // Nakajima park is huge park south of the Susukino area and is the oldest park in Hokkaido. The park is a wonderful place to rest in the summer and is beautiful in the autumn with the changing colors of the trees. The park has a large pond in the middle where row boats can be rented. The weekends usually see the park full with families enjoying the summer and also there are often flea markets on Sundays (Note: the Japanese say ‘Free Market’ but this is just a mistake with pronunciation and the markets are not free.)

Asahiyama Park // Constructed as part of the Sapporo centennial projects, this park is located on the top of Asahiyama hill. The park has a good view of Sapporo, Ishikari Plain and the Sea of Japan on good days. The park has some nice open spaces for picnics with family and friends. There are also a few small hiking trails around the park offering a pleasant walk for the more physically active.

Botanical Gardens (Hokkaido Shokubutsuen) // Run by the Hokkaido University, covering approximately 15 hectares and housing over 5000 varieties of plants, this is a great venue for nature lovers and those wishing to pass some time in a pleasant atmosphere. The Fauna museum in the garden is Japans oldest and was built in 1882. It houses a large number of stuffed animals that can be found in the Hokkaido region. There is also a small Ainu Museum located near the main gate housing tools, household utensils, ceremonial objects and clothing.

Chizaki Rose Garden // The rose garden boasts more than 200 varieties of roses and is immaculately kept and maintained. The best viewing season for the roses is June to August. There is also a commanding view of Sapporo from the top and the aptly names “Café Rose” serves relatively cheap food and also the house special - rose ice cream. Said to be made from the roses in the garden itself this ice cream is quite unique and delicious. Unfortunately if you come by bus to the hill the bus stop is located at the bottom of the hill. The walk up is quite steep and not for the physically challenged. Fortunately there are usually taxis available to take you up the rest of the way.

Hassoan Tea House // Named a National Cultural Asset, this building was built during the early days of the Edo Period by the famous Enshu Kobori, an artist and grand master of gardening. This building is housed in a walled Japanese garden close to the north end of the park and is only observable from the outside.

Hokkaido Museum of Literature // Located about halfway along the park near the eastern entrance, this museum introduces Hokkaido’s literary history and some of the more famous writers that have come from this region. There are various historical materials to be viewed.

Maruyama Zoo // It was established in 1951, on May 5th (Children's Day) as the 1st zoo in Hokkaido. It houses about 200 species, about 1,000 animals. Located at the foot of Mt.Maruyama, blessed with beauty of nature. This area is quite close to the city center of Sapporo.Besides animals popular among children such as tigers, giraffes, hippos etc., you also find "Tropical-animal-house" where you can observe them close by, and "Bear-house" with 6 different kinds bears like Polar bears or Malay bears. In "Reptile house", you can learn the living-style of many rare kinds of them. The biggest appealing point of Maruyama Zoo is to enjoy "Good relationship with Animals". Here are many chances for you to experience exciting time with animals. For instance, in the "Kid's Zoo", you can try feeding squirrel monkies or touching guinea pigs, rabbits or other small attractive ones. In "Kangaroo house" you can enjoy "body contact" with wallabies or kangaroos. In front of the outdoor-stage, you can also watch kites fly just close by, or you can experience the traditional art of manipulating birds of prey, (takasho) falconer by yourselves.

Okurayama Ski Jump Stadium // Okurayama Ski Jump Stadium was used for ski jumping during the Winter Olympic Games in 1972. Ski jumping is possible in all seasons and nighttime competitions are also popular. From the observation platform at the hilltop, you can enjoy teatime while overlooking the vast Ishikari Plain and downtown areas.

はじめまして ...Hello World!

2009-03-21T01:38:00.006+08:00

A lot of people are interested in Hokkaido. A lot of people have questions. A lot have answers.

Although I’m not an authority on anything Japanese, I’d like to encourage people to reply through comments to give us some info. I’ll do my best to research and summarize and give everyone an answer.

多くの人々が北海度に興味を持っています。多くの人々には、質問があります。多くの人々には、答えがあります。

私は何も日本のであることのものの権威ではありませんが、人々が何らかの情報を私たちに教えるためにコメントで返答するよう奨励したいと思います。私は、研究して、まとめる私のベストを尽くして、答えを皆に与えるつもりです。

2009-03-21T01:38:00.005+08:00

Gaijin ("foreigner") Treatment!!!

2009-03-21T01:35:00.001+08:00

I received a very perplexing question today: How is one treated as a gaijin?

While a jumble of examples filled my brain, like this one time or that other time or a few days ago, none of them felt like I could use them to generalize and so I concluded that I had no idea how to answer this question…

From various stories I’ve heard, there seems to be a multitude of ways one can be treated as a gaijin in Japan, but I cannot begin to enumerate the ways one is treated as a gaijin. I’ve known of exclusionism, alienation, and even plain rudeness, but I cannot say those are the only ways foreigners are treated here. I’m sure a lot of foreigners in Japan have sob stories to share, but I’m also pretty sure there are several who will say they’ve received nothing but hospitality and kindness from Japanese people.

When I worked in an advertising agency as Art director, I was expecting to feel lonely, probably from being ignored by the entire population, due to stories of past designers. Whilst during the day, the staff were busy and didn’t pay much attention to me, the H.R staff always invited me over for coffee and gossip. I was getting better at Japanese then, but I still often didn’t follow some of stuff going on. When they saw I was a bit lost, though, they slowed down and tried to explain in simpler Japanese. After a few stories, they’d ask me about my country and how we thought of this or that. They always made a point to make sure I was included in the conversation. I felt quite important at that time, sharing all I could. I felt at that time that I was the only one who could shed light on some of the mysteries about my country. They almost always seemed to be interested in things foreign to them.

While I was thinking about this whole Gaijin Treatment thing I remembered that I had read an article from Ampotan a few months ago. It was quite insightful, and it has become a discussion of sorts a couple of times at work with my co-workers. We usually end up with a conclusion that you are treated how you are asking to be treated…

Hokkaido

2009-03-21T00:36:00.005+08:00

Hokkaido is a city which feels more like an English town rather than Japanese as it has many English cottages instead of Japanese houses. The weather in June is just nice, and the lavender bloom is just starting. Lavender flavoured ice-cream was everywhere and almost every day I eat ice-cream! Hokkaido is always my dream that I am mad about its white snow and warm springs. Hokkaido is the northern one of the 4 most biggest islands in Japan, the four seasons of which are all refreshing and comfort, especially for winter that is covered by a silvery white snow. Due to its marine climate, it will make you feel warm instead of cold in winter here. Hokkaido is a real paradise for those warm spring-lovers. Because of its unique topography, the warm spring quantity of which is the highest in Japan, such as the Snowy Mountain, the beads Hill, Asahidake, and so on. have amazing hot springs . These are some unique style hot spring hotels, combined with gourmet cuisine, that make you feel happy and carefree.

Central Hokkaido
Central Hokkaido is the political and economic hub of this prefecture. The capital of Hokkaido, Sapporo, is located here as well as the port cities of Otaru and Muroran. The major airport of this prefecture is located in Chitose approximately 50 minutes by train from Sapporo. The area has beautiful parks, wildlife areas, ski & snow board mountains and large hot spring (“Onsen” ) areas.

Northern Hokkaido
Bordered by both the Sea of Japan and the Okhotsk Sea, this area is home to the northern most point in Japan as well as large open pastoral leases. It is a favorite area for trekking and bird watching and home to the two islands of Rishiri and Rebun, which are known for their spectacular natural beauty and large variety of wildlife. Also well known is the road running along the coast from Sapporo to Wakkanai which delivers some of the best sunsets in Japan. Hot spring areas in this region include the Toyotomi Hot Spring and Wakkanai Hot Spring.

Southern Hokkaido
Historically speaking, Southern Hokkaido was the commercial and also for a limited time, political center of Hokkaido and offers a look into the past of this region. During the cold winter months this area also offers slightly more mild weather than the rest of the prefecture. Besides history, there is also still plenty of natural beauty and one of the oldest hot spring areas in Hokkaido.

Eastern Hokkaido
Eastern Hokkaido is home to one of Japan’s largest fishing fleets, the huge Kushiro Marshland, the WorldHeritage Listed Shiretoko National Park and the beautiful Akan National Park area. This area is not only known for it’s incredible scenery and well preserved forests, but is also home to two of Hokkaido’s most famous hot spring areas called Akan and Kawayu. The area is also characterized by huge 2000 plus meter mountains and wide open plains for farming. This area produces huge amounts of farmed goods including vegetables, dairy products, flowers and flower related products. It is home to Hokkaido’s second largest city of Asahikawa as well as the famous Sounkyo Hot Spring area.

History
Hokkaido's recorded history starts around 658, but Hokkaido's history is much older with occupation by Japan's aboriginal Ainu race. The Nihonshoki is often said to be the first mention of Hokkaido in recorded history. According to the text, Abe no Hirafu led a large navy and army to northern areas from 658 to 660 and came into contact with the Mishihase and Emishi. One of the places Hirafu went to was called Watarishima, which is often believed to be present-day Hokkaido. However, many theories exist in relation to the details of this event, including the location of Watarishima and the common belief that the Emishi in Watarishima were the ancestors of the present-day Ainu.

During the Nara and Heian periods, people in Hokkaido conducted trade with the Dewa Province, the outpost of the Japanese central government. From the medieval ages, the people in Hokkaido began to be called Ezo. Around the same time Hokkaido came to be called Ezochi or Ezogashima. The Ezo mainly relied upon hunting and fishing and obtained rice and iron through trade with the Japanese.

During the Muromachi period, the Japanese created a settlement at the south of the Oshima peninsula. As more people moved to the settlement to avoid battles, disputes arose between the Japanese and the Ainu. The disputes eventually developed into a battle. Takeda Nobuhiro killed the Ainu leader and established a Japanese victory. Nobuhiro's descendants became the rulers of the Matsumae Han, which ruled the south of Ezochi until the end of the Edo period.

The Matsumae Han's economy relied upon trade with the Ainu. The Matsumae family was granted exclusive trading rights with the Ainu in the Azuchi-Momoyama and Edo periods. The Han gradually changed trade conditions so they came to favor Japanese merchants. As a result, some Ainu rebelled against the Matsumae han, but the rebellions were defeated. During the Meiji Restoration, the Shogunate realized there was a need to prepare northern defenses against Russian aggressions and took over most control of Ezochi. The Shogunate made the Ainu burden slightly easier, but did not change the overall form of rule.

Hokkaido was known as Ezochi until the Meiji Restoration. Shortly after the Boshin War in 1868, a group of Tokugawa loyalists led by Enomoto Takeaki proclaimed the island's independence as the Republic of Ezo, but the rebellion was crushed in May 1869. Ezochi was subsequently put under control of the Colonization Office. When establishing the Colonization Office, the Meiji Government decided to change the name of Ezochi. Matsuura Takeshirō submitted 6 ideas, including names such as Kaihokudo (海北道) and Hokkaido (北加伊道) to the government. The government eventually decided to use the name Hokkaido, but decided to write it as 北海道, as a compromise between 海北道 and because of the similarity with names such as Tokaido (東海道). According to Matsuura, the name was thought up because the Ainu called the region "Kai." In 1882, the Colonization Office was abolished, and Hokkaido was separated into three prefectures, Hakodate, Sapporo, and Nemuro. In 1886, the three prefectures were abolished, and Hokkaido was put under the Hokkaido Agency. Hokkaido became equal with other prefectures in 1947, when the revised Local Autonomy Law became effective.

2009-03-18T03:42:00.004+08:00

I’m Turning Japanese

2009-03-18T03:29:00.005+08:00

A few months ago, I blogged about still being a Gaijin in Japan for Gaijin Test. Recently, I have come to realize I’ve been doing a lot of things I swore I’d never do, and which I poked fun at in the first few months/years I’d been in Japan. Embarrassing to admit, but here are the Ten Reasons I think I’m Turning Japanese:
I sleep on the train (sometimes).

I do the bow and single-hand cutting combination to cut through lines.

I take home my “gomi (trash)” in a plastic bag and recycle it.

I feel uncomfortable if I’m not wearing stockings or socks.

I make pretty bento.

I do sudoku.

I carry two or three bags on the crook of my arm.

I don’t get bothered by terrible English signs.

I understand and use the expressions “natsukashii”, “mendoukusai” and “mottainai”.

I do the head-bending and sucking in of air when asked a difficult question I’d rather not answer.

Getting Used to it Now!!!

2009-03-16T20:36:00.002+08:00

OK, now i'm getting more used to the new design. New design usually does take some time to be as comfortable as the old one, but it's pretty easy if you have used FB before.

There are some drawbacks that i have noticed on the new design. The first one is we can't see our current status. The second one is about the birthday section. I think the old design has better information about birthday status then the new one.

They have added Plurk, Twitter, and Ping.FM as the default feature, which is great, but unfortunately, i didn't have all those account and for now, i'm not too interested.

Any other comments for the new design of Facebook?

FB Redesigned

2009-03-16T20:32:00.002+08:00

Few weeks ago, Facebook team has given a small notice on the home page that they are redesigning their page and today, i got an error when i tried to access my accounts.

Few minutes later, i refresh the page and i got a different layout of the Facebook. It seems that the error that i encountered is part of FB redesign process. They were uploading new files, so probably it causes some glitches to some users (including me).

According to the news, the headlines will be real time, meaning that it might reload the data every few seconds/minute to gather all the updates from your friends. I haven't confirmed this feature yet, but it gives you better view of your friend's status. Also the event or notes or anything besides status updates and comments are being put on the right side of the page.

The People You May Know feature doesn't get too much changes, only some minor tweak, which is very good, because it's already working as it is.

I feel it a little bit awkward to see the new layout, but it's just a matter of time before i'm used to it.

So, what do you think about the new design?

The CMYK of a Designer

2009-03-16T13:35:00.000+08:00

I don’t remember the day when design and art entered my life and coloured it forever but I do remember the day someone told me I was now qualified to go out there to contribute to designing to world. It was the day I graduated, I walked up the stage the graduation day with all the swagger of a member of a proud art elite to receive “The Scroll of the Heavenly Invisibles Scriptures”. I remember the chairman giving me the you-have-learned-well-my-s

on look while everyone else in the hall applauded obligatory.

I have no idea why but graduation ceremonies to imble one with a false sense of greatness. I was no exception, caressing the Invisible Scriptures. I got to thinking, “I am it!!!”. I am one of the chosen ones to contribute what I’ve learned to bring design to greater heights.

After all, I’d been taught everything there is to know to create and enhance a good design: the play of space; getting across an idea and a concept solely by the composition of elements in a given space with a minimum of words; the visual balance of composition; the balance of colours; how colours are able to talk and how to make to talk; and creating a high visual impact that doesn’t interface with readability. All of which we visual manipulation.

Alas for all my grandiose objectives: the first three months of post-graduation life was lived in jobless post-euphoria. I decided to wake from my hibernation to go out and get a job and a life as well. However, I ended up in a design department of a premium item company (oops, I better not to mention what company), and was honourably “badged” to be the Graphic Designer cum DTP Artist. Being the rookie that I was, I was thrilled into the trials of ridiculous dilemmas that I wasn’t readily prepared for. Design was not just striking the right aesthetic balance. It was also about having to deal with the style-impaired (the client) and pleasing those who foot the bill (the client again). They didn’t teach us that in school.

I maybe young but I’ve had my share of stingy-cina-pek client. I was designing a newsletter and an advert when pain-in-the-**s. Ah Pek came along. He said, “wah lau yeh! You all waste so much space one, ah? Take the texts and pictures from the next side and put together lah! I want all in one full page. You know how much lui one page ah? I pokkai means I find you, you know?” Arghhhhh! My integrity and dignity for the profession was severely desecrated by his thoughtless close-fisted talk. As though forcing everything to become one compact page of jumbled trash just to save some pathetically petty amount wasn’t tragic enough, yet he had to nerve to expect the impossible trash to be made into a cost-efficient masterpiece. What, is he expecting to get a McLaren BMW at the price of a McValue Meal? What was he thinking man?
One of the most pantang and hateful thing for US DESiGNERs is when CLiENTs ruthlessly trepass into our territory, marching in and out of the studio like some kind of the police barking reminders that the clock is constantly clicking. And the dangerous part is when they feel you don’t quite get what they want, they would sit down , get closer to the computer and eventually hog the tools of our rezeki. It’s not so much of a possessive thing, it’s just that it drives me off the wall when they start to say things like “Hey, I can do this by myself, look like I don’t need people like you liao and I also got art sense on. Er…press ctrl and what already ah, to take the disc out?”

Another breed of monsters would be the tickle minded not-sure-what-I-want-type. They change their minds on design and colours again + again endlessly They might even give new suggestions + ideas at very final stage to mass production, “Hey, what if we add more cyan to the magenta and take a bit yello away?” “I think the typeface bigger better lah! How?” Er….they never thought of too late to change this and that. It makes me wanna hand them a Desert Eagle and yell, “You kill me lah, YOU JUST KiLL ME lah, PLEASE!!! But usually designers die of natural causes like everybody else.